Table 2.
Details of acupuncture methods according to Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA).
| Study | Acupuncture rationale | Details of needling | Treatment regimen | Other components | Practitioner | Comparator interventions | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1a | 1b | 1c | 2a | 2b | 2c | 2d | 2e | 2f | 2 g | 3a | 3b | 4a | 4b | 5 | 6a | 6b | |
| Khan et al. (2022) | TKM | Y | NA | 14 | GV 20, EX-HN 1, CV 12, HT 7 (bilateral), ST 36 (bilateral), SP 6 (bilateral), KI3 (bilateral) | 5–10 mm | No | Manual | 10 min | Diameter and length: 0.20 & 30 mm | 24 | Frequency: twice per week | NA | NR | Y | Y | Y |
| Needle brand: Dongbang | Duration: 12 weeks | ||||||||||||||||
| Cao et al. (2021) | TCM | Y | NA | 1 | KI 3 (unilateral, right) | 10–17.5 mm | NR | Manual | 8 min | NR | 1 | Frequency: once | NA | NR | Y | NA | NA |
| Duration: 8 min | |||||||||||||||||
| Wang F. et al., 2020 | TCM | Y | NA | 17 | LR 3 (bilateral), HT 7 (bilateral), SP 3 (bilateral), ST 40 (bilateral), KI 3 (bilateral), BL 58 (bilateral), GV 20, CV 4, GB 13 (bilateral), GB 20 (bilateral) | NR | Deqi | Manual | 40 min | NR | 24 | Frequency: six times per week | NA | NR | NR | NA | NA |
| Duration: 28 days | |||||||||||||||||
| Li et al. (2020) | TCM | Y | NA | 4 | LR 3 (bilateral), LI 4 (bilateral) | 20 mm | Deqi | Manual | 20 min | Diameter and length: 0.30 & 25 mm | 48 | Frequency: three times per week | NA | NR | NR | Y | Y |
| Needle brand: NR | Duration: 6 months | ||||||||||||||||
| Ghafoor et al. (2019) | TKM | Y | NA | 14 | GV 20, EX-HN 1, CV 12, HT 7 (bilateral), ST 36 (bilateral), SP 6 (bilateral), KI3 (bilateral) | 5–10 mm | No | Manual | 10 min | Diameter and length: 0.20 & 30 mm | 24 | Frequency: twice per week | NA | NR | Y | Y | Y |
| Needle brand: Dongbang | |||||||||||||||||
| Duration: 12 weeks | |||||||||||||||||
| Shan et al. (2018) | TCM | Y | NA | 4 | LR 3 (bilateral), LI 4 (bilateral) | NR | NR | Manual | 3 min | NR | 1 | Frequency: once | NA | NR | NR | Y | NR |
| Duration: 3 min | |||||||||||||||||
| Xu and Peng (2017) | TCM | Y | NA | 8 | GV 20, EX-HN 1, GV 24, GB 20 (bilateral) | 12.5–30 mm | Deqi | Electronic | NR | Diameter and length: 0.30 & 40 mm | 24 | Frequency: three times per week | NA | NR | NR | Y | Y |
| Needle brand: Zhongyan | |||||||||||||||||
| Electroacupuncture apparatus: 6805C | Duration: 20 min | ||||||||||||||||
| Tan et al. (2017) | TCM | Y | NA | 13 | EX-HN1, GV 29, PC 6 (bilateral), KI 3 (bilateral), ST 40 (bilateral), and LR 3 (bilateral) | 15 mm | NR | Manual | NR | Diameter and length: 0.35 & 25 mm | 20 | Frequency: five times per week | NA | NR | Y | Y | Y |
| Needle brand: Hwato | Duration: 12 weeks | ||||||||||||||||
| Jia et al. (2015) | TCM | Y | NA | 2 | KI3 (bilateral) | 20 mm | NR | Manual | NR | Diameter and length: 0.25 & 40 mm | 1 | Frequency: once | NA | NR | NR | Y | Y |
| Duration: NR | |||||||||||||||||
| Needle brand: Hwato | |||||||||||||||||
| Liu et al. (2014) | TCM | Y | NA | 1 | KI 3 (unilateral, right) | 10–22 mm | NR | Manual | 3 min | Diameter and length: 0.20 & 40 mm | 1 | Frequency: once | NA | NR | Y | Y | Y |
| Duration: 3 min | |||||||||||||||||
| Needle brand: NR | |||||||||||||||||
| Chen et al. (2014) | TCM | Y | NA | 1 | KI 3 (unilateral, right) | 12 mm | NR | Manual | 3 min | Diameter and length: 0.35 & 25 mm | 1 | Frequency: once | NA | NR | Y | Y | Y |
| Needle brand: Hwato | Duration: 3 min | ||||||||||||||||
| Xu, 2013 | TCM | Y | NA | 1 | KI 3 (unilateral, right) | 10 mm | NR | Manual | 3 min | Diameter and length: 0.35 & 25 mm | 1 | Frequency: once | NA | NR | NR | Y | Y |
| Duration: 3 min | |||||||||||||||||
| Needle brand: Hwato | |||||||||||||||||
| Xu et al., 2013 | TCM | NR | NA | 1 | GV 26 | 7.5–12.5 mm | NR | Manual | 9 min | Diameter and length: 0.35 & 25 mm | 1 | Frequency: once | NA | NR | NR | NA | NA |
| Needle brand: NR | Duration: 9 min | ||||||||||||||||
| Chen et al. (2013) | TCM | Y | NA | 1 | KI 3 (unilateral, right) | 10–20 mm | Deqi | Manual | 3 min | Diameter and length: 0.35 & 25 mm | 1 | Frequency: once | NA | NR | NR | Y | Y |
| Duration: 3 min | |||||||||||||||||
| Needle brand: Hwato | |||||||||||||||||
| Jiang et al. (2012) | TCM | Y | NA | 1 | KI 3 (unilateral, right) | 15 mm | NR | Manual | 3 min | Diameter and length: 0.35 & 25 mm | 1 | Frequency: once | NA | NR | NR | Y | Y |
| Duration: 3 min | |||||||||||||||||
| Needle brand: NR | |||||||||||||||||
| Wang et al. (2012) | TCM | Y | NA | 4 | LR 3 (bilateral), LI 4 (bilateral) | NR | NR | Manual | 3 min | Diameter and length: 0.30 & 25 mm | 1 | Frequency: once | NA | NR | NR | Y | Y |
| Duration: 3 min | |||||||||||||||||
| Needle brand: NR | |||||||||||||||||
| Feng et al. (2012) | TCM | Y | NA | 1 | KI 3 (unilateral, right) | 10–20 mm | Deqi | Manual | 3 min | Diameter and length: 0.2 & 40 mm | 1 | Frequency: once | NA | NR | NR | Y | Y |
| Duration: 3 min | |||||||||||||||||
| Needle brand: NR | |||||||||||||||||
| Jiang (2011) | TCM | Y | NA | 1 | KI 3 (unilateral, right) | 15 mm | NR | Manual | 3 min | Diameter and length: 0.30 & 25 mm | 1 | Frequency: once | NA | NR | NR | Y | Y |
| Duration: 3 min | |||||||||||||||||
| Needle brand: NR | |||||||||||||||||
| Cui (2011) | TCM | Y | NA | 1 | KI 3 (unilateral, right) | 10 mm | NR | Manual | 3 min | NR | 1 | Frequency: once | NA | NR | NR | Y | Y |
| Duration: 3 min | |||||||||||||||||
| Liu (2010) | TCM | Y | NA | 9 | GV 20, GB 20 (bilateral), BL 23(bilateral), GB 39 (bilateral), KI3 (bilateral) | 13–25 mm | Deqi | Electronic | NR | Diameter and length: 0.35 & 25 mm | 30 | Frequency: each day | NA | NR | NR | Y | Y |
| Needle brand: Shenlong | |||||||||||||||||
| Duration: 30 days | |||||||||||||||||
| Electroacupuncture apparatus: G6805-II | |||||||||||||||||
| Jin (2010) | TCM | Y | NA | 10 | EX-HN 1, GB 20 (bilateral), BL 23(bilateral), KI3 (bilateral) | 13–25 mm | Deqi | Electronic | 20 min | Diameter and length: 0.30 & 40 mm | 45 | Frequency: each day | NA | NR | NR | Y | Y |
| Needle brand: Hwato | |||||||||||||||||
| Duration: 45 days | |||||||||||||||||
| Electroacupuncture apparatus: G6805-II | |||||||||||||||||
| Liu (2009) | TCM | Y | NA | 12 | GV 20, GB 20 (bilateral), BL 23(bilateral), GB 39 (bilateral), KI3 (bilateral), HT 7 (bilateral) | 7.5–25 mm | Deqi | Electronic | 20 min | Diameter and length: 0.30 & 25 mm | 30 | Frequency: each day | NA | NR | NR | Y | Y |
| Duration: 30 days | |||||||||||||||||
| Needle brand: Shenlong | |||||||||||||||||
| Electroacupuncture apparatus: G6805-II | |||||||||||||||||
1a: Style of acupuncture; 1b: Reasoning for treatment provided; 1c: Extent to which treatment was varied; 2a: Number of needle insertions per subject per session; 2b: Names of points used; 2c: Depth of insertion; 2d: Response sought; 2e: Needle stimulation; 2f: Needle retention time; 2 g: Needle type; 3a: Number of treatment sessions; 3b: Frequency and duration of treatment sessions; 4a: Details of other interventions administered to the acupuncture group; 4b: Setting and context of treatment; 5: Description of participating acupuncturists; 6a: Rationale for the control or comparator; 6b: Precise description of the control or comparator; TCM, traditional Chinese medicine; TKM, traditional Korean medicine; NA, not application; NR, not recorded; Y, Yes; &, and.