. 2023 Jan 19;18(2):219–230. doi: 10.4103/1735-5362.367800

Table 3.

Effect of exercise and/or oleic acid on oxidative stress. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM.

Parameters	Normal control	Oleic acid (9.8 mg/kg)	HFD	HFD + exercise	HFD + oleic acid	HFD + exercise + oleic acid
Reduced glutathione (μΜ/mL)	84.81 ± 1.72	83.42 ± 1.59^b	31.82 ± 0.01^a	51.68 ± 1.44^ab	50.44 ± 1.65^ab	55.56 ± 2.05^abc
Malondialdehyde (nmol/mL)	3.81 ± 0.05	3.82 ± 0.01^b	55.02 ± 1.96^a	23.52 ± 0.40^ab	25.28 ± 1.58^ab	22.36 ± 0.97^ab

HFD, High fat diet; ^aP < 0.05 Indicates significant differences compared to the normal control (saline); ^bP < 0.05 versus HFD control; ^cP < 0.05 against the oleic acid group.