Fig. 3.

Comparison of the cytotoxic effects of epirubicin and etoposide in single doses and in combination with metformin on B-CPAP cells based on annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate vs propidium iodide quantitation method after 48 h incubation. Data are presented as mean ± SD. The percentage of B-CPAP cells inhibited in the early-apoptotic stage has increased significantly (###P < 0.001) in groups treated with metformin in combination with etoposide in comparison with the groups treated with both doses of etoposide alone. In addition, it has increased significantly (***P < 0.001) in the late-apoptotic and necrotic stages, in the groups treated with metformin in combination with epirubicin in comparison with groups treated with both doses of epirubicin alone.