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. 2023 Feb;12(1):35–44. doi: 10.5582/irdr.2022.01130

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2023, International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio - Sciences Advancement

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Figure 6. — Out-of-pocket money for drug therapies/tests in a typical year. The mean out-of-pocket expenses per year was estimated to be 123, 615 JPY (938.08 USD) prior to diagnosis, falling to 92,392 JPY (701.14 USD) after diagnosis in large part due to the public renumeration system. Those currently receiving financial renumeration reported on average higher out-of-pocket expenses per year in the pre-diagnosed period (n = 52, 83.9%, a mean of 138,269 JPY; 1,049.16 USD) compared to those not currently receiving financial support (n = 10, 16.1%, 64,050 JPY; 485.98 USD), but also in the post-diagnosed period (100,172 JPY; 759.87 USD compared to 59,070 JPY; 448.19 USD). Abbreviation: JPY, Japanese yen; USD, United States dollar.