In crystallo visualization of WT Pol η rU extension misincorporation with Mn2+.A–C, structures of WT Pol η during in crystallo catalysis after 10 mM Mn2+ soaking for 30s (B) and 180s (C). The 2Fo-Fc map for the primer terminus up conformation (blue) was contoured at 1.2 σ. The 2Fo-Fc map for the Me2+A, Me2+B, dGTP, and catalytic residues (blue) was contoured at 2.0 in A, 2.5 in B, and 2.0 σ in C. The Fo-Fc omit map for the down conformation of the primer terminus (green) was contoured at 3 σ in A–C. The Fo-Fc omit map for all the Mn2+C, and newly formed bond (red) was contoured at 3.5 σ. D, timescale of reaction product of Pol η rU extension misincorporation in crystallo with Mn2+. Pol η, DNA polymerase η; rU, ribose uridine; dGTP, deoxyribose guanine triphosphate.