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. 2023 Feb 28;5:2. doi: 10.1186/s42522-023-00079-0

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — Core genome MLST-based phylogeny of PMQR Escherichia coli isolates (n = 70) from humans, chickens, and poultry environments. cgMLST-based phylogenetic tree of PMQR E. coli isolates visualized in Interactive Tree Of Life tool (iTOL). The clustering of isolates was found to be following the core genome. The clustering of isolates belonging to the same phylogroup and sequence type was consistent. Shown for each isolate from left to right are the source, resistance phenotype, phylogroup, point mutations, AMR genes, and plasmid replicons