Table 3.
Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of ASD (n = 190), DD (n = 103), and OEC (n = 78) versus TD (n = 180) in association with child serum PFAS concentrations and p-values with and without FDR correction for multiple tests.
| PFAS (ng/mL) a | ASD vs. TD | DD vs. TD | OEC vs. TD | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| OR b (95% CI) | Unadj. p-value | FDR corrected p-value | OR b (95% CI) | Unadj. p-value | FDR corrected p-value | OR b (95% CI) | Unadj. p-value | FDR corrected p-value | |
| PFOA | 1.99 (1.20, 3.29) | 0.007 | 0.022 | 2.16 (1.21, 3.84) | 0.009 | 0.083 | 1.15 (0.61, 2.18) | 0.658 | 0.658 |
| PFOS | 0.89 (0.59, 1.35) | 0.586 | 0.586 | 1.37 (0.89, 2.12) | 0.152 | 0.228 | 1.39 (0.87, 2.22) | 0.165 | 0.371 |
| PFHxS | 1.22 (0.84, 1.78) | 0.297 | 0.383 | 1.52 (1.00, 2.32) | 0.053 | 0.158 | 1.41 (0.92, 2.18) | 0.115 | 0.345 |
| PFNA | 0.75 (0.48, 1.17) | 0.203 | 0.365 | 0.88 (0.53, 1.46) | 0.621 | 0.798 | 0.74 (0.42, 1.30) | 0.299 | 0.449 |
| PFDA | 0.78 (0.49, 1.24) | 0.298 | 0.383 | 0.95 (0.56, 1.62) | 0.861 | 0.969 | 0.61 (0.33, 1.10) | 0.100 | 0.345 |
| PFPeA | 1.48 (0.96, 2.28) | 0.074 | 0.167 | 1.59 (0.93, 2.74) | 0.092 | 0.208 | 1.15 (0.67, 1.97) | 0.608 | 0.658 |
| PFHpA | 1.61 (1.21, 2.13) | 0.001 | 0.005 | 1.00 (0.72, 1.39) | 0.993 | 0.993 | 0.81 (0.58, 1.14) | 0.234 | 0.420 |
| PFUnDA | 0.43 (0.26, 0.69) | 0.001 | 0.005 | 0.59 (0.34, 1.00) | 0.052 | 0.158 | 0.62 (0.35, 1.10) | 0.102 | 0.345 |
| MeFOSAA | 1.08 (0.89, 1.31) | 0.451 | 0.508 | 1.19 (0.95, 1.50) | 0.135 | 0.228 | 1.11 (0.87, 1.42) | 0.413 | 0.531 |
a
Nine PFAS that were detected in > 74% of the samples were individually included in the multinomial regression models.
b
Multinomial logistic regression models were adjusted for CHARGE frequency matching factors (child’s sex and age at sampling, recruitment regional center), sampling year, gestational age at delivery, mother’s birthplace, parity, mother’s race/ethnicity, homeownership, and breastfeeding duration.