Fig 2. Young flies that express Sph-1 in their dopaminergic and/or serotonergic systems exhibit reduced olfactory response.

A) Representative heat maps showing the response of day 1 post-eclosion flies to the repulsive odorant benzaldehyde (Bz). Red dots indicate areas where the fly spent more time, while blue dots indicate areas where they spent less time; white areas were mostly avoided. B) Quantification of the observed response to Bz in day 1 post-eclosion flies. Data show that flies that express Sph-1 in either the dopaminergic or serotonergic neural systems, or in both, exhibit an attenuated aversive response compared to controls that do not express Sph-1. However, the effect of Sph-1 appears to be greater in flies expressing Sph-1 in the serotonergic system. Significance was tested using two-way ANOVAs followed by a Tukey post-hoc test, * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001, ns = not significant; n = 20 animals per condition.