Table 2.
Characteristics of mothers and their pregnancies according to exposure to AZA or HCQ
| Mothers (n = 199) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All mothers | HCQ |
AZA |
Prednisolone |
|||||||
| Exposed (n = 107) | Not exposed (n = 92) | P | Exposed (n = 59) | Not exposed (n = 140) | P | Exposed (n = 118) | Not exposed (n = 81) | P | ||
| Ethnic background (White) | 127 (63.8%) | 73 (68.2%) | 54 (58.7%) | 0.163 | 36 (61.0%) | 91 (65.0%) | 0.593 | 71/118 (60.2%) | 56/81 (69.1%) | 0.916 |
| Anti-dsDNA ever | 121/187 964.7%) | 63/97 (64.6%) | 58/90 (64.4%) | 0.943 | 41/55 (74.6%) | 80/132 (60.6%) | 0.069 | 79/110 (71.8%) | 42/77 (54.6%) | 0.015 |
| Anti-Smith ever | 27/184 (14.7%) | 13/97 (13.4%) | 14/87 (16.1%) | 0.607 | 9/55 (16.4%) | 18/129 (4.0%) | 0.672 | 21/112 (18.8%) | 6/72 (8.3%) | 0.051 |
| Anti-RNP ever | 49/188 (26.1%) | 24/100 (24.0%) | 25/88 (28.4%) | 0.492 | 22/56 (39.3%) | 27/20 (20.4%) | 0.007 | 35/113 (31.0%) | 14/74 (18.7%) | 0.600 |
| Previous renal biopsy | 42/175 (24.0%) | 21/99 (21.1%) | 21/76 (27.6%) | 0.324 | 25/48 (52.1%) | 17/127 (13.4%) | <0.001 | 32/102 (21.4%) | 10/73 (13.7%) | 0.007 |
| Hypertension prior to pregnancy | 27/192 (14.1%) | 10/103 (9.7%) | 17/89 (19.1%) | 0.062 | 18/56 (32.1%) | 9/136 (6.6%) | <0.001 | 22/113 (19.5%) | 5/79 (6.3%) | 0.010 |
| Diagnosis of APS | 20/181 (11.1%) | 10 (10.1%) | 10/82 (12.2%) | 0.655 | 4/53 (7.6%) | 16/128 (12.5%) | 0.333 | 12/106 (11.3%) | 8/75 (10.7%) | 0.890 |
| Pregnancies (n = 283) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All pregnancies | Exposed (n = 150) | Not exposed (n = 134) | P | Exposed (n = 86) | Not exposed (n = 198) | P | Exposed (n = 167) | Not exposed (n = 116) | P | |
| Age at delivery (years) | 32 (28, 35) | 32 (29, 35) | 31 (28, 35) | 0.172 | 32 (29, 35) | 32 (28, 35) | 0.544 | 32 (29, 35) | 32 (28, 35) | 0.445 |
| Disease duration (years) | 6 (3, 10) | 6 (3, 10) | 7 (3, 11) | 0.126 | 7.5 (5, 11) | 5 (2, 10) | 0.003 | 6 (3, 10) | 5.5 (3, 10) | 0.325 |
| Anti-Ro/SSA | 108/262 (41.1%) | 53/141 (37.6%) |
55/121 (45.5%) | 0.197 | 36/77 (46.8%) | 72/185 (38.9%) |
0.241 | 68/153 (44.4%) | 40/109 (36.7%) | 0.209 |
| Anti-La/SSB | 55/260 (21.2%) | 23/139 (16.6%) |
32/121 (26.5%) | 0.051 | 22/77 (28.6%) | 33/183 (18.0%) | 0.057 | 36/153 (23.5%) | 19.107 (17.8%) | 0.262 |
| Anti-Ro/SSA or anti-La/SSB | 111/260 (42.7%) | 54/139 (38.9%) |
57/121 (47.1%) | 0.179 | 37/77 (48.1%) | 74/183 (40.4%) | 0.243 | 70/153 (45.8%) | 41/107 (38.3%) | 0.233 |
| aCL | 67/249 (26.8%) | 33/131 (25.2%) | 34/118 (28.8%) | 0.520 | 25/72 (34.7%) | 42/177 (23.7%) |
0.076 | 40/144 (27.8%) | 27/105 (25.7%) | 0.717 |
| LA | 92/257 (35.8%) | 52/136 (38.2%) | 40/121 (33.1%) | 0.387 | 30/73 (41.1%) | 62/184 (33.7%) |
0.264 | 58/149 (38.9%) | 34/108 (31.5%) | 0.219 |
| Aspirin | 199/281 (70.8%) | 111/149 (74.5%) | 88/132 (66.7%) | 0.150 | 69/85 (81.2%) | 130/196 (66.3%) | 0.012 | 133/165 (80.6%) | 66/116 (59.9%) | <0.001 |
| LMWH | 68/280 (24.6%) | 41/148 (27.7%) | 27/132 (20.4%) | 0.158 | 27/85 (31.8%) | 41/195 (21.0%) | 0.054 | 45/165 (27.2%) | 23/115 (20.0%) | 0.163 |
| Proteinuria | 66/248 (26.8%) | 35/132 (25.8%) | 32/116 (27.6%) | 0.745 | 26/75 (34.7%) | 40/173 (23.1%) | 0.059 | 47/145 (32.4%) | 19/103 (18.5%) | 0.014 |
Comparisons made using Chi2 tests or Mann–Whitney U tests as appropriate. Each drug was considered independently. Bold text indicates statistically significant results. LMWH: low-molecular-weight heparin. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.