Table I.
Baseline characteristics of the study participants.
| Women without obesity | Women with obesity | |
|---|---|---|
| Participant (N) | 21 | 21 |
| Age (years) | 29 ± 6 | 29 ± 4 |
| Reproductive markers | ||
| Menstrual cycle length (days) | 29 ± 3 | 30 ± 2 |
| Luteal phase (days) | 16 ± 4 | 17 ± 4 |
| Follicular phase (days) | 13 ± 2 | 12 ± 2 |
| Total testosterone (ng/dl) | 21.9 ± 12.7 | 21.1 ± 11.3 |
| Free androgen index | 1.28 ± 0.74 | 1.93 ± 1.34 |
| LH:FSH | 0.73 ± 0.32 | 0.75 ± 0.47 |
| Anti-Müllerian hormone | 5.94 ± 2.49 | 4.40 ± 3.01* |
| Ovarian volume | 6.57 ± 2.11 | 6.53 ± 2.02 |
| Anthropometric markers | ||
| Percent total fat (%) | 27.5 ± 3.7 | 43.6 ± 4.9**** |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.9 ± 3.2 | 34.4 ± 5.1**** |
| Trunk fat percentage (%) | 23.8 ± 4.7 | 43.0 ± 6.1**** |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 79 ± 8 | 104 ± 18**** |
| Waist:hip ratio | 0.80 ± 0.05 | 0.85 ± 0.08 |
| Metabolic markers | ||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111 ± 10 | 115 ± 10 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 68 ± 7 | 71 ± 9 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 93.6 ± 12.2 | 92.1 ± 6.3 |
| Fasting insulin (mIU/l) | 4.29 ± 2.22 | 9.96 ± 5.60**** |
| HOMA-IR | 1.00 ± 0.56 | 2.27 ± 1.31** |
Data are presented as mean ± SD. Within rows, * denote significant differences between groups, adjusted values.
*
P < 0.05,
**
P < 0.01,
****
P < 0.0001. Reproductive, anthropometric, and metabolic endpoints were evaluated on a standardized day of the inter-ovulatory interval during the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.
HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance.