Table 1.

Rotated factor loadings for maternal gatekeeping items at 3-months and 9-months postpartum

Maternal Gatekeeping Items	Gate Closing	Gate Opening	Communication
27. Look exasperated and roll her eyes	.79(.63)
6. Give you a serious look	.63(.66)
8. Give you an exasperated look	.59(.59)
25. Criticize you	.56(.60)
29. Tell other people the things she doesn’t like	.55(.63)
20. Show you that she is angry or irritated	.53(.63)
33. Redo things after you are gone	.46(.63)
30. Take over and do it her own way	.43(.64)
34. Tell you what you did wrong by “talking through the baby”	.38(.43)
13. Tell you what a good parent you are		.80(.78)
3. Compliment you		.76(.66)
16. Tell you how happy you make your baby		.71(.68)
7. Let you know she appreciates your contributions		.70(.67)
15. Tell other people about what a good parent you are		.58(.73)
14. Ask for your opinion		.53(.44)
4. Invite you to help		.46(.47)
17. Encourage you to spend time alone with your baby		.42(.32)
18. Arrange activities for you and your child to do together		.33(.33)
23. Explain her concerns to you			.69(.71)
28. Tell you how she has learned to handle similar situations			.56(.47)
24. Try to discuss her feelings about it with you			.56(.50)
22. Tell you what she thinks you did wrong			.51(.50)
32. Instruct you			.50(.42)

Note. Only factor loadings above .30 are shown. Factor loadings from 9-months postpartum are indicated in parentheses.