Skip to main content
. 2023 Feb 16;10:1113739. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1113739

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effect of lactate in the regulation of the immune response. The lactate in the TME affects the differentiation, metabolism, and function of innate and adaptive tumor-infiltrating immune cells through multiple pathways and inhibits anti-tumor immune responses. The lactate secreted by tumor and stromal cells acidifies the TME and promotes tumor cell proliferation and metastasis.