Fig. 2.

Induction of thrombosis in the RA model by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. A CIA mice were euthanized at 10 weeks after injection of a plasmid encoding SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (Spike group, N = 5) or empty vector alone (Mock group, N = 5) and serum samples were collected for ELISA. B The arthritis scores and incidence of arthritis of CIA mice in each group are shown. C CII-specific IgG2a, total IgG, D Anti-CXCL4 autoantibody and APLA levels, E COVID-19 specific IgG and IgM in the serum of Mock and Spike groups. Serum of vaccinated human was used for positive control. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM from three independent experiments. *P < 0.05 (Mann Whitney U test or unpaired/two-tailed t test)