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. 2023 Feb 16;14:1065181. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1065181

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Copyright © 2023 Chang

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Non-canonical inflammasome activation in teleost fish. (A) Non-canonical inflammasome activation in cyprinids. Zebrafish caspy2 binds directly to LPS, resulting in caspy2 oligomerization, which is critical for cleaving GSDMEb to elicit pyroptosis. The caspy2–GSDMEb axis-mediated neutrophil pyroptosisgated NET formation, namely noncanonical NETosis, played a critical role in bacterial clearance. (B) Non-canonical inflammasome activation in other fish species. In the turbot, the inflammatory caspase can directly recognize cytosolic LPS, resulting in the GSDMEb cleavage-gated pyroptosis and bacterial clearance.