Table 1.
Summary of inflammasomes in teleost fish.
| Inflammasome | Research model | Activator of inflammasome | Mechanism | Function | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NLRP1 | common carp | MDP | / | / | (16) |
| zebrafish | bacterial LPS, MDP and DNA | ASC-dependent way; sequential activation of caspy and caspy2 | Antibacterial innate immunity against E. tarda infection | (17) | |
| NLRP3 | zebrafish | LPS and cellular oxidation | ASC-dependent way; sequential activation of caspy/caspy2 | ASC-dependent IL-1β maturation; GSDME–mediated pyroptosis | (18) |
| carp | Cd | / | Inducing lymphocytes pyroptosis | (19) | |
| Japanese flounder | nigericin, ATP or MSU | ASC-dependent way; activation of JfCaspase-1 | Controlling IL-1β production; defensing against E. piscicida invasion | (20) | |
| turbot | nigericin, ATP or MSU | ASC-dependent way; activation of SmCaspase | Bacterial clearance of E. piscicida; epithelial desquamation in gill filaments | (21) | |
| NLRC4 | zebrafish | Lm-pyro L. monocytogenes, a strain engineered to activate the inflammasome via ectopic expression of flagellin | / | Inducing macrophage recruitment to infection sites; controlling L. monocytogenes infection | (22) |
| Non-canonical inflammasome | zebrafish | LPS | caspy2 binds directly to LPS, resulting in caspy2 oligomerization | Restricting bacterial invasion of E. piscicida; NETosis | (23, 24) |
| turbot | LPS | SmCaspase directly binds with LPS | Bacterial clearance of E. piscicida | (21) |