Table 1.
Composites for baseline and different climate change scenarios.
| Region | Global ocean | N.H. (>50°N) | N.I. (30°N–50°N) | L.L. (30°S–30°N) | S.I. (30°S-50°S) | S.O. (>50°S) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Area in % | 11 | 8 | 39 | 14 | 28 | |
| n | 61,425 | 6,729 | 4,814 | 24,070 | 8,566 | 17,246 |
| Mean BB ± SE (mmol C m−2) | ||||||
| Baseline | 47 ± 0.07 | 72 ± 0.15 | 52 ± 0.23 | 30 ± 0.06 | 54 ± 0.20 | 57 ± 0.07 |
| SSP1–2.6 | 45 ± 0.06 | 62 ± 0.14 | 45 ± 0.20 | 27 ± 0.05 | 52 ± 0.19 | 58 ± 0.06 |
| SSP2–4.5 | 44 ± 0.06 | 61 ± 0.14 | 44 ± 0.20 | 26 ± 0.05 | 51 ± 0.19 | 59 ± 0.07 |
| SSP3–7.0 | 44 ± 0.06 | 60 ± 0.14 | 42 ± 0.19 | 26 ± 0.05 | 50 ± 0.19 | 59 ± 0.07 |
| SSP5–8.5 | 43 ± 0.06 | 55 ± 0.14 | 41 ± 0.19 | 25 ± 0.05 | 49 ± 0.19 | 60 ± 0.07 |
| Mean BBDOC ± SE (mmol C m−2) | ||||||
| Baseline | 31 ± 0.05 | 60 ± 0.11 | 42 ± 0.13 | 25 ± 0.04 | 42 ± 0.13 | 18 ± 0.05 |
| SSP1–2.6 | 29 ± 0.05 | 54 ± 0.10 | 38 ± 0.12 | 24 ± 0.04 | 41 ± 0.12 | 20 ± 0.05 |
| SSP2–4.5 | 29 ± 0.05 | 53 ± 0.10 | 37 ± 0.12 | 23 ± 0.04 | 41 ± 0.12 | 21 ± 0.05 |
| SSP3–7.0 | 29 ± 0.04 | 52 ± 0.10 | 36 ± 0.12 | 23 ± 0.04 | 41 ± 0.12 | 22 ± 0.05 |
| SSP5–8.5 | 29 ± 0.04 | 48 ± 0.10 | 35 ± 0.11 | 22 ± 0.04 | 40 ± 0.12 | 23 ± 0.05 |
| Mean BBPOC ± SE (mmol C m−2) | ||||||
| Baseline | 17 ± 0.05 | 13 ± 0.08 | 9.7 ± 0.11 | 4.8 ± 0.03 | 12 ± 0.11 | 39 ± 0.07 |
| SSP1–2.6 | 15 ± 0.05 | 8.2 ± 0.07 | 7.2 ± 0.09 | 3.9 ± 0.02 | 11 ± 0.10 | 39 ± 0.07 |
| SSP2–4.5 | 15 ± 0.05 | 8.2 ± 0.07 | 7.0 ± 0.09 | 3.6 ± 0.02 | 10 ± 0.09 | 38 ± 0.08 |
| SSP3–7.0 | 15 ± 0.05 | 7.9 ± 0.07 | 6.3 ± 0.08 | 3.5 ± 0.02 | 9.4 ± 0.09 | 38 ± 0.08 |
| SSP5–8.5 | 14 ± 0.05 | 7.0 ± 0.06 | 6.0 ± 0.08 | 3.2 ± 0.02 | 8.7 ± 0.08 | 37 ± 0.08 |
| Mean BCD ± SE (mmol C m−2 d−1) | ||||||
| Baseline | 13 ± 0.03 | 8.0 ± 0.04 | 14 ± 0.04 | 20 ± 0.04 | 13 ± 0.06 | 3.9 ± 0.01 |
| SSP1–2.6 | 14 ± 0.03 | 8.2 ± 0.04 | 15 ± 0.04 | 22 ± 0.05 | 13 ± 0.05 | 4.2 ± 0.01 |
| SSP2–4.5 | 14 ± 0.03 | 8.1 ± 0.04 | 15 ± 0.04 | 22 ± 0.06 | 13 ± 0.05 | 4.3 ± 0.01 |
| SSP3–7.0 | 14 ± 0.03 | 7.9 ± 0.04 | 14 ± 0.04 | 22 ± 0.06 | 14 ± 0.06 | 4.5 ± 0.01 |
| SSP5–8.5 | 15 ± 0.04 | 8.1 ± 0.04 | 15 ± 0.05 | 24 ± 0.07 | 14 ± 0.06 | 4.7 ± 0.01 |
| Mean BR ± SE (mmol C m−2 d−1) | ||||||
| Baseline | 7.2 ± 0.02 | 4.4 ± 0.02 | 7.6 ± 0.02 | 12 ± 0.02 | 7.1 ± 0.03 | 2.2 ± 0.01 |
| SSP1–2.6 | 7.7 ± 0.02 | 4.5 ± 0.02 | 8.3 ± 0.02 | 12 ± 0.03 | 7.4 ± 0.03 | 2.3 ± 0.01 |
| SSP2–4.5 | 7.8 ± 0.02 | 4.5 ± 0.02 | 8.4 ± 0.02 | 13 ± 0.03 | 7.6 ± 0.03 | 2.4 ± 0.01 |
| SSP3–7.0 | 7.9 ± 0.02 | 4.3 ± 0.02 | 8.2 ± 0.02 | 13 ± 0.03 | 7.7 ± 0.03 | 2.5 ± 0.01 |
| SSP5–8.5 | 8.3 ± 0.02 | 4.5 ± 0.02 | 8.6 ± 0.03 | 14 ± 0.04 | 8.0 ± 0.03 | 2.6 ± 0.01 |
| Mean BP ± SE (mmol C m−2 d−1) | ||||||
| Baseline | 5.5 ± 0.01 | 3.7 ± 0.02 | 6.0 ± 0.02 | 8.7 ± 0.02 | 5.5 ± 0.03 | 1.7 ± 0.01 |
| SSP1–2.6 | 5.9 ± 0.01 | 3.7 ± 0.02 | 6.4 ± 0.02 | 9.3 ± 0.02 | 5.8 ± 0.02 | 1.8 ± 0.01 |
| SSP2–4.5 | 6.0 ± 0.01 | 3.7 ± 0.02 | 6.5 ± 0.02 | 9.5 ± 0.02 | 5.9 ± 0.02 | 1.9 ± 0.01 |
| SSP3–7.0 | 6.1 ± 0.01 | 3.6 ± 0.02 | 6.3 ± 0.02 | 9.6 ± 0.03 | 6.0 ± 0.03 | 2.0 ± 0.01 |
| SSP5–8.5 | 6.4 ± 0.02 | 3.6 ± 0.02 | 6.6 ± 0.02 | 10 ± 0.03 | 6.1 ± 0.03 | 2.1 ± 0.01 |
| Mean temperature ± SE (°C) | ||||||
| Baseline | 13 ± 0.03 | 2.2 ± 0.03 | 14 ± 0.05 | 24 ± 0.02 | 13 ± 0.04 | 0.83 ± 0.02 |
| SSP1–2.6 | 14 ± 0.03 | 4.7 ± 0.03 | 17 ± 0.04 | 25 ± 0.02 | 14 ± 0.04 | 1.2 ± 0.02 |
| SSP2–4.5 | 14 ± 0.03 | 5.0 ± 0.03 | 17 ± 0.04 | 26 ± 0.02 | 15 ± 0.04 | 1.5 ± 0.02 |
| SSP3–7.0 | 15 ± 0.03 | 5.1 ± 0.02 | 17 ± 0.04 | 26 ± 0.02 | 15 ± 0.04 | 1.7 ± 0.02 |
| SSP5–8.5 | 15 ± 0.03 | 6.4 ± 0.02 | 18 ± 0.04 | 27 ± 0.02 | 16 ± 0.04 | 2.0 ± 0.02 |
| Mean POC ± SE (mmol C m−2) | ||||||
| Baseline | 420 ± 0.76 | 369 ± 2.1 | 365 ± 2.7 | 323 ± 0.9 | 394 ± 2.6 | 602 ± 1.0 |
| SSP1–2.6 | 399 ± 0.76 | 284 ± 1.9 | 306 ± 2.5 | 299 ± 0.9 | 383 ± 2.5 | 616 ± 1.0 |
| SSP2–4.5 | 394 ± 0.75 | 284 ± 1.9 | 302 ± 2.4 | 294 ± 0.9 | 370 ± 2.4 | 614 ± 1.0 |
| SSP3–7.0 | 388 ± 0.76 | 274 ± 1.8 | 281 ± 2.2 | 287 ± 0.9 | 353 ± 2.4 | 621 ± 1.1 |
| SSP5–8.5 | 377 ± 0.77 | 255 ± 1.8 | 273 ± 2.3 | 274 ± 0.9 | 339 ± 2.3 | 618 ± 1.1 |
| Mean DOC ± SE (mmol C m−2) | ||||||
| Baseline | 1703 ± 3.0 | 2,174 ± 3.9 | 2,269 ± 2.9 | 2,350 ± 2.1 | 1984 ± 6.3 | 318 ± 1.4 |
| SSP1–2.6 | 1772 ± 3.0 | 2,330 ± 2.9 | 2,386 ± 2.7 | 2,416 ± 2.1 | 2032 ± 5.9 | 354 ± 1.5 |
| SSP2–4.5 | 1790 ± 3.0 | 2,321 ± 2.8 | 2,384 ± 2.7 | 2,432 ± 2.1 | 2070 ± 5.6 | 383 ± 1.6 |
| SSP3–7.0 | 1811 ± 3.0 | 2,318 ± 2.8 | 2,400 ± 2.7 | 2,442 ± 2.1 | 2,115 ± 5.3 | 415 ± 1.7 |
| SSP5–8.5 | 1846 ± 3.0 | 2,332 ± 2.5 | 2,433 ± 2.7 | 2,481 ± 2.1 | 2,160 ± 5.1 | 451 ± 1.8 |
BB, bacterial carbon biomass; BCD, bacterial carbon demand; BBDOC, biomass of free-living bacteria; BBPOC, biomass of particle-attached bacteria; BR, bacterial respiration; BP, bacterial production; POC, particulate organic carbon; and DOC, dissolved organic carbon. Water temperature is averaged in the upper 100 m layer; while the rest variables are depth-integrated in the upper 100 m layer. SE, standard error; n, sample size. N.H., northern high latitudes; N.I., northern intermediates; L.L., low latitudes; S.I., southern intermediates; and S.O., Southern Ocean.