Figure 2.

Genetically predicted higher plasma caffeine concentration and risk of type 2 diabetes and major cardiovascular diseases. The odds ratios with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) are scaled per one standard deviation increase in plasma caffeine concentration. Cochran’s Q test statistic for heterogeneity between study specific estimates: Q=2.39 (P=0.12) for type 2 diabetes, Q=0.13 (P=0.72) for ischaemic heart disease, Q=0.48 (P=0.49) for atrial fibrillation, Q=0.08 (P=0.78) for heart failure, and Q=0.11 (P=0.74) for stroke