Table 1.
Status of non-pharmaceutical interventions relative to covid-19 case and death rates in US states, per state week. Data are number (%) of state weeks of each breakpoint type falling within observation period for adoption or discontinuation of a non-pharmaceutical intervention (7-21 days for cases, 14-35 days for deaths)
| Type and status of non-pharmaceutical intervention | Count of breakpoint types* | |||||
| Case velocity (2350 state weeks) |
Death velocity (2350 state weeks) |
|||||
| Decrease (433 breakpoints) |
No change (1747 breakpoints) |
Increase (170 breakpoints) | Decrease (330 breakpoints) | No change (1889 breakpoints) |
Increase (131 breakpoints) | |
| Stay-at-home order—on | 45 (10.4) | 72 (4.1) | 0 | 53 (16.1) | 103 (5.5) | 0 |
| Stay-at-home order—off | 22 (5.1) | 84 (4.8) | 9 (5.3) | 33 (10.0) | 116 (6.1) | 4 (3.1) |
| Indoor restaurant dining ban—on | 52 (12.0) | 109 (6.2) | 1 (0.6) | 57 (17.3) | 157 (8.3) | 2 (1.5) |
| Indoor restaurant dining ban—off | 32 (7.4) | 112 (6.4) | 12 (7.1) | 39 (11.8) | 161 (8.5) | 6 (4.6) |
| Public mask mandate—on | 29 (6.7) | 79 (4.5) | 3 (1.8) | 23 (7.0) | 121 (6.4) | 4 (3.1) |
| Indoor public gathering ban (mild)—on | 38 (8.8) | 154 (8.8) | 18 (10.6) | 59 (17.9) | 210 (11.1) | 10 (7.6) |
| Indoor public gathering ban (severe)—on | 62 (14.3) | 123 (7.0) | 1 (0.6) | 65 (19.7) | 177 (9.4) | 4 (3.1) |
| Indoor public gathering ban—off | 5 (1.2) | 35 (2.0) | 4 (2.4) | 8 (2.4) | 47 (2.5) | 2 (1.5) |
Velocity=rate of change in the number of cases and deaths due to covid-19 per week.
*Breakpoint segments were categorised as decreasing, no change, or increasing for the covid-19 case and death velocity analysis.