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. 2023 Feb 16;17:1112853. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1112853

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Copyright © 2023 Gorgey, Goldsmith, Alazzam and Trainer.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Cardiovascular autonomic response to EAW enhancement SCES during a 45-degree head-up-tilt. Assessment 1 was captured 15 weeks before assessment 2. Both assessments followed the same protocol. The participant was initially in supine lying for 5 min followed by an attempt to perform a head-up tilt using a motorized tilting table for 10 min. The tilting maneuver was discontinued if systolic blood pressure (SBP) dropped by 40 mm Hg from resting baseline. This is followed by repeating the same protocol with SCES on after a 30-min washout period. The SCES was turned on 3–5 min in supine lying before performing the head-up tilt maneuver. A similar timeline was repeated in assessment 2. Triangles and circles represent 1-min averages of SBP and heart rate (HR), respectively. Low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) components of a heart rate variability analysis are presented for the entire corresponding supine or head-up tilt period.