TABLE 3.

Effect of garlic’s various Organo Sulfur Compounds (OSCs) and its extract on various types of viruses.

Name of virus	Common infection	Area of research	References
Coronavirus (CoV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)	Respiratory tract infection (animal and human)	Garlic extracts affect the replication of influenza A virus during the early stages of infection.	(48)
Porcine Rotavirus (PRV); Rotavirus SA-11 (RV-SA-11)	Gastrointestinal infection and diarrhea in animal and human	Garlic’s ethnomedicinal use in diverse viral infections have been confirmed (in-vitro and in-vivo pharmacological tests) in distinct garlic extracts.	(49, 50)
Potato Virus Y (PVY)	Virus infecting potato	Red chili (Capsicum annum L.), garlic, neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) and pyrethrum flower (Chrysanthemum sp.) extracts, used single or combination offer some aphid control especially in the early stages of infestation.	(51)
Human papillomavirus (HPV)	Refractory multiple common warts (RMCW)	Research found that 10% garlic extract has effect on male genital warts that was comparable to cryotherapy treatment.	(52)
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)	Virus infecting	Individuals with mild to moderate symptoms of COVID-19 were given garlic essential oil as compared to those patients who were not given the essential oil.	(53)