Table 4.
The effect of each ICI on each cell type.
| Cells | ICIs | Models | Function | reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DCs | PD-L1 inhibitors | MC38 colon cancer model | Activating DC function to enhance T cells killing effect. | (81) |
| Increasing the number of activated (IFN-γ+) CD8+ T cells and reactivating tumor-infiltrating T cells. | (82) | |||
| Inflammatory skin reaction | Inhibiting DCs migration from the skin to draining lymph node. | (83) | ||
| Macrophage | PD-1 inhibitors | MC38 colon cancer mode | Enhancing the capacity for phagocytosis. | (84) |
| PD-L1 inhibitors | B16 melanoma model | Upregulating mTOR pathway activity and promoting proliferation and survival. | (85) | |
| MC38 colon cancer model | Inducing T cell activation (more IFN-γ production and higher CD 69 expression). | (81) | ||
| Tregs | PD-1 inhibitors | Gastric cancer model | promoting the proliferation and immunosuppressive function. | (80) |
| Osteosarcoma model | Decreasing the percentage of Tregs in CD4+ T cells. | (86) | ||
| CTLA-4 inhibitors | Glycolysis-low tumor model | Enhancing the function of glucose-uptake and IFN-γ production. | (87) | |
| MC38 colon cancer models | Reducing the number of intra-tumoral Tregs. | (88) |
Tregs, regulatory T cells; DCs, dendritic cells, PD-1, programmed cell death protein-1; PD-L1, programmed cell death ligand 1; CTLA-4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4; IFN-γ, interferon-γ.