Table 1. Baseline and Procedural Characteristics and Stroke Time Metrics Among Patients With Carotid Artery Stenting and Nonstentinga.
| Characteristic | Total (N = 623) | Carotid artery stenting group (n = 363) | Nonstenting group (n = 260) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), y | 68 (59-76) | 67 (59-75) | 68 (59-77) | .40 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 406/623 (65.2) | 253/363 (69.7) | 153/260 (58.8) | .005 |
| Female | 217/623 (34.8) | 110/363 (30.3) | 107/260 (41.2) | |
| Hypertension | 447/616 (72.6) | 267/361 (74) | 180/255 (70.6) | .36 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 280/614 (45.6) | 165/360 (45.8) | 115/254 (45.3) | .89 |
| Diabetes | 164/615 (26.7) | 97/361 (26.9) | 67/254 (26.4) | .89 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 87/615 (14.1) | 38/360 (10.6) | 49/255 (19.2) | .002 |
| Current smoker | 155/613 (25.3) | 92/358 (25.7) | 63/255 (24.7) | .94 |
| Previous stroke or TIA | 96/615 (15.6) | 58/359 (16.2) | 38/257 (14.8) | .63 |
| Coronary artery disease | 118/616 (19.2) | 72/360 (20) | 46/256 (18.0) | .53 |
| NIHSS score at admission, median (IQR) (n = 619) | 16 (11-20) | 15 (10-19) | 17 (13-21) | <.001 |
| NIHSS categorized | ||||
| Mild (score, ≤5) | 47/619 (7.6) | 38/360 (10.6) | 9/259 (3.5) | <.001 |
| Moderate (score, 6-15) | 249/619 (40.2) | 155/360 (43.1) | 94/259 (36.3) | |
| Severe (score, ≥16) | 322/619 (52.2) | 167/360 (46.4) | 156/259 (60.2) | |
| Intravenous thrombolysis treatment | 266/622 (42.8) | 146/363 (40.2) | 120/259 (46.3) | .13 |
| ASPECTS, median (IQR) | 8 (7-9) | 8 (7-9) | 8 (7-10) | .50 |
| Patients from high-volume centers | 470 (80.1) | 305 (84) | 165 (73.7) | .002 |
| Periprocedural antiplatelets regimen | ||||
| Single therapy | 138/600 (23) | 73/363 (20.1) | 65/237 (27.4) | <.001 |
| Dual therapy | 211/600 (35.2) | 145/363 (39.9) | 66/237 (27.8) | |
| Intravenous therapy | 174/600 (29) | 139/363 (38.3) | 35/237 (14.8) | |
| No therapy | 77/600 (12.8) | 6/363 (1.7) | 71/237 (30) | |
| Cervical ICA stenosis, % | ||||
| 50-69 | 20/537 (3.7) | 5/332 (1.5) | 15/205 (7.3) | <.001 |
| 70-89 | 76/537 (14.2) | 47/332 (14.2) | 29/205 (14.1) | |
| 90-99 | 149/537 (27.7) | 107/332 (32.2) | 42/205 (20.5) | |
| 100 | 292/537 (54.4) | 173/332 (52.1) | 119/205 (58) | |
| Postprocedural ICA stenosis, % | ||||
| 50-69 | 72 (12.8) | 16 (4.7) | 56 (25.3) | <.001 |
| 70-89 | 23 (4.1%) | 1 (0.3) | 22 (10) | |
| 90-99 | 19 (3.4) | 6 (1.8) | 13 (5.9) | |
| 100 | 30 (5.3) | 9 (2.6) | 21 (9.5) | |
| Cervical ICA lesion treatment | ||||
| Anterograde | 269/583 (46.1) | 175/360 (48.6) | 94/223 (42.2) | <.001 |
| Concomitant | 89/583 (15.3) | 62/360 (17.2) | 27/223 (12.1) | |
| Retrograde | 152/583 (26.1) | 123/360 (34.2) | 29/223 (13.0) | |
| Not initially treated | 72/583 (12.3) | 0 | 72/223 (32.3) | |
| Cervical ICA lesion treatment with adjunctive aspiration | 219/306 (38.7) | 144/250 (41.1) | 75/216 (34.7 | .13 |
| General anesthesia | 208/623 (33.5) | 122/363 (33.6) | 86/258 (33.3) | .94 |
| Etiology of cervical ICA lesion | ||||
| Atherosclerotic disease | 490/621 (78.9) | 296/361 (82.0) | 194/260 (74.6) | .003 |
| Dissection | 66/621 (10.6) | 41/361 (11.4) | 25/260 (9.6) | |
| Oher | 63/621 (10.1) | 23/361 (6.4) | 40/260 (15.4) | |
| Intracranial procedure other than MT | ||||
| Intracranial angioplasty alone | 20/597 (3.4) | 3/360 (0.8) | 17/237 (7.2) | <.001 |
| Intracranial stenting and angioplasty | 82/597 (13.7) | 75/360 (20.8) | 7/237 (2.9) | |
| None | 495/597 (82.9) | 282/360 (78.3) | 213 (89.9) | |
| Intra-arterial tPA treatment | 30/605 (5) | 12/353 (3.4) | 18/252 (7.1) | .04 |
| Time metrics, median (IQR), min | ||||
| Time from LKW to arterial puncture (n = 588) | 351 (215-706) | 350 (213-749) | 352 (219-637) | .52 |
| Door to arterial puncture (n = 605) | 65 (28-109) | 65 (31-109) | 65 (26-109) | .89 |
| Arterial puncture to reperfusion (n = 599) | 56 (37-87) | 58 (38-88) | 54 (33-87) | .14 |
Abbreviations: ASPECTS, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score; ICA, internal carotid artery; LKW, last known well; MT, mechanical thrombectomy; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; TIA, transient ischemic stroke; tPA, tissue plasminogen activator.
a
Data are presented as number/total number (percentage) of patients unless otherwise indicated.