Table 3.
Number, Incidence Rate, Severity, and Burden of Time-Loss Injuries for Female and Male Dancers by Injury Type a
| Body part Pathology type Diagnosis | Female Dancers | Male Dancers | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TL, n | IR per Dancer-Season | Severity, Days | Burden, Days per Dancer-Season | TL, n | IR per Dancer-Season | Severity, Days | Burden, Days per Dancer-Season | |
| Ankle | 91 | 0.39 (0.22-0.56) | 23 (11-46) | 22.9 (9.2-36.7) | 52 | 0.24 (0.13-0.34) | 41 (17-56) | 17.6 (1.8-33.3) |
| Synovitis, impingement | 26 | 0.11 (0.04-0.18) | 20 (4-42) | 7.1 (0.0-18.2) | 15 | 0.07 (0.00-0.17) | 17 (2-54) | 3.0 (0.0-9.9) |
| Posterior impingement | 19 | 0.08 (0.00-0.18) | 18 (4-98) | 5.9 (0.0-17.8) | 5 | 0.02 (0.00-0.06) | 90 (NA) | 2.2 (0.0-7.8) |
| Anterior impingement | 3 | 0.01 (0.00-0.04) | 42 (NA) | 0.5 (0.0-2.4) | 3 | 0.01 (0.00-0.05) | 17 (NA) | 0.3 (0.0 -1.3) |
| Synovitis | 0 | 0.00 (0.00-0.00) | 0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0-0.0) | 5 | 0.02 (0.00-0.04) | 8 (NA) | 0.4 (0.0 -1.2) |
| Tendon injuries | 20 | 0.09 (0.00-0.30) | 18 (4-64) | 5.7 (0.0-22.9) | 13 | 0.06 (0.01-0.10) | 52 (7-127) | 5.2 (0.0-16.1) |
| Achilles tendon | 9 | 0.04 (0.00-0.09) | 10 (1-219) | 2.2 (0.0-6.9) | 7 | 0.03 (0.00-0.07) | 70 (1-462) | 4.2 (0.0-17.2) |
| FHL tendon | 2 | 0.01 (0.00-0.05) | 27 (NA) | 0.24 (0.0 -1.2) | 3 | 0.01 (0.00-0.05) | 32 (NA) | 0.7 (0.0-3.3) |
| TP tendon | 5 | 0.02 (0.00-0.09) | 49 (NA) | 2.3 (0.0-10.8) | 1 | 0.00 (0.00-0.02) | 1 (NA) | 0.0 (0.0-0.0) |
| Peroneal tendon | 3 | 0.01 (0.00-0.07) | 64 (NA) | 1.0 (0.0-5.1) | 1 | 0.00 (0.00-0.02) | 44 (NA) | 0.2 (0.0 -1.0) |
| Joint sprains | 35 | 0.15 (0.11-0.18) | 24 (11-77) | 7.6 (1.4-13.9) | 17 | 0.08 (0.03-0.12) | 34 (6-147) | 6.9 (2.5-11.3) |
| Lateral ligament sprains | 28 | 0.12 (0.07-0.17) | 27 (11-91) | 6.8 (2.8-10.7) | 9 | 0.04 (0.00-0.13) | 34 (6-150) | 3.1 (0.0-9.9) |
| Cartilage lesion | 0 | 0.00 (0.00-0.00) | 0 (NA) | 0.0 (0.0-0.0) | 3 | 0.01 (0.00-0.05) | 80 (NA) | 1.5 (0.0-5.8) |
| Foot | 70 | 0.30 (0.22-0.38) | 24 (10-35) | 14.7 (6.4-22.9) | 42 | 0.19 (0.00-0.41) | 22 (7-53) | 12.1 (0.0-24.2) |
| Joint sprains | 22 | 0.09 (0.03-0.16) | 21 (4-35) | 2.3 (0.0-5.0) | 16 | 0.07 (0.04-0.11) | 31 (4-70) | 5.3 (0.0-11.5) |
| Midfoot sprain | 15 | 0.06 (0.01-0.12) | 29 (17-55) | 2.2 (0.0-4.9) | 5 | 0.02 (0.00-0.07) | 10 (NA) | 0.8 (0.0-3.7) |
| Great toe sprain | 4 | 0.02 (0.00-0.03) | 5 (NA) | 0.1 (0.0-0.2) | 7 | 0.03 (0.01-0.05) | 41 (4-250) | 2.8 (0.0-7.6) |
| Forefoot sprain | 2 | 0.01 (0.00-0.03) | 4 (NA) | 0.03 (0.0-0.1) | 4 | 0.02 (0.00-0.04) | 46 (NA) | 1.7 (0.0-6.5) |
| Stress fracture/reaction | 13 | 0.06 (0.00-0.12) | 24 (8-61) | 1.9 (0.0-6.0) | 6 | 0.03 (0.00-0.09) | 24 (1-251) | 2.1 (0.0-9.9) |
| Metatarsal fracture | 8 | 0.03 (0.02-0.05) | 14 (1-46) | 0.8 (0.0-2.4) | 3 | 0.01 (0.00-0.05) | 3 (NA) | 1.1 (0.0-5.8) |
| Synovitis, impingement | 6 | 0.03 (0.02-0.03) | 25 (1-142) | 1.4 (0.0-5.7) | 4 | 0.02 (0.00-0.04) | 17 (NA) | 0.5 (0.0 -1.7) |
| MTP joint synovitis | 5 | 0.02 (0.00-0.04) | 37 (NA) | 1.3 (0.0-5.7) | 2 | 0.01 (0.00-0.03) | 15 (NA) | 0.1 (0.0-0.7) |
| Muscle injury | 5 | 0.02 (0.00-0.06) | 32 (NA) | 1.7 (0.0-8.4) | 0 | 0.00 (0.00-0.00) | 0 (NA) | 0.0 (0.0-0.0) |
| Tendon injuries | 8 | 0.03 (0.00-0.12) | 24 (2-41) | 1.1 (0.0-5.1) | 7 | 0.03 (0.00-0.15) | 16 (1-221) | 2.0 (0.0-9.1) |
| Extensor tendon | 4 | 0.02 (0.00-0.03) | 15 (NA) | 0.3 (0.0 -1.0) | 4 | 0.02 (0.00-0.10) | 12 (NA) | 0.6 (0.0-3.4) |
| Bruising | 4 | 0.02 (0.00-0.05) | 64 (NA) | 1.2 (0.0-3.8) | 3 | 0.01 (0.00-0.05) | 2 (NA) | 0.0 (0.0-0.2) |
a Data in parentheses are 95% CIs. All diagnoses with >3 cases in either women or men are shown. FHL, flexor hallucis longus; MTP, metatarsophalangeal joint; NA, not applicable; TL, time-loss injuries; TP, tibialis posterior.