Table 4.
Dispersion of factors associated with stroke occurrence across the adult lifespan by stroke types. The bold signifies Composite Population Attributable Risk
| Risk factor | All strokes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age <50 years | Age 50–64 years | Age ≥ 65 years | ||||
| Adjusted OR (95%CI) | PAR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | PAR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | PAR (95% CI) | |
| Educational attainment | 1.91 (0.92, 3.93) | 44.17 (1.15, 87.19) | 1.54 (1.06, 2.23) | 30.58 (9.26, 51.91) | 1.29 (0.93, 1.80) | 15.87 (−2.84, 34.58) |
| Hypertension | 16.75 (9.80, 28.63) | 85.36 (81.88, 88.84) | 28.93 (15.10, 55.44) | 94.31 (91.82, 96.80) | 10.88 (6.50, 18.22) | 87.69 (83.00, 92.39) |
| Dyslipidemia | 4.13 (2.64, 6.46) | 62.20 (52.82, 71.58) | 3.95 (2.90, 5.39) | 61.71 (55.01, 68.41) | 3.50 (2.48, 4.95) | 61.88 (53.29, 70.47) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 3.29 (1.76, 6.16) | 17.27 (12.16, 22.39) | 2.80 (2.09, 3.76) | 24.04 (19.48, 28.60) | 3.49 (2.56, 4.75) | 32.29 (27.52, 37.05) |
| Cigarette smoking | 4.05 (1.00, 16.44) | 4.41 (2.19, 6.62) | 2.18 (0.87, 5.42) | 1.52 (0.24, 2.80) | 2.03 (0.75, 5.51) | 1.06 (−0.24, 2.36) |
| Stress | 1.70 (1.00, 2.89) | 9.95 (2.46, 17.45) | 1.90 (1.33, 2.73) | 11.01 (6.25, 15.77) | 1.09 (0.73, 1.63) | 1.29 (−4.51, 7.10) |
| Cardiac disease | 4.36 (1.82, 10.40) | 7.24 (5.01, 9.47) | 1.24 (0.75, 2.05) | 1.66 (−1.97, 5.29) | 2.41 (1.47, 3.96) | 8.40 (4.92, 11.89) |
| Alcohol | 1.34 (0.81, 2.21) | 8.47 (−3.94, 20.89) | 1.03 (0.76, 1.40) | 1.11 (−9.23, 11.45) | 1.06 (0.75, 1.50) | 1.66 (−9.21, 12.52) |
| Meat consumption | 1.63 (1.02, 2.61) | 31.25 (7.01, 55.49) | 1.79 (1.34, 2.40) | 32.09 (20.16, 44.01) | 2.40 (1.76, 3.26) | 42.34 (32.33, 52.35) |
| Low Vegetable consumption | 1.70 (1.04, 2.77) | 12.02 (3.25, 20.79) | 2.34 (1.70, 3.23) | 15.62 (11.32, 19.91) | 2.23 (1.60, 3.12) | 16.81 (12.02, 21.60) |
| Depression | 1.26 (0.55, 2.89) | 1.84 (−3.40, 7.08) | 0.70 (0.42, 1.15) | −3.72 (−9.96, 2.52) | 0.98 (0.52, 1.83) | −0.15 (−4.34, 4.04) |
| Physical inactivity | 3.53 (0.92, 13.47) | 2.29 (0.87, 3.70) | 2.97 (1.12, 7.87) | 2.20 (0.82, 3.58) | 0.87 (0.49, 1.54) | −0.93 (−5.24, 3.37) |
| Salt intake | 1.25 (0.63, 2.50) | 1.82 (−2.90, 6.53) | 1.65 (1.00, 2.73) | 3.10 (0.79, 5.41) | 1.13 (0.62, 2.09) | 0.66 (−2.32, 3.63) |
| Composite PAR | 85.68 (78.00, 93.61) | 94.60 (91.16, 98.04) | 94.33 (91.42, 97.24) | |||
| Ischemic stroke | ||||||
| Educational attainment | 3.05 (1.05, 8.89) | 61.98 (24.01, 99.94) | 1.99 (1.21, 3.28) | 42.66 (19.97, 65.36) | 1.22 (0.87, 1.80) | 12.47 (−8.40, 33.35) |
| Hypertension | 7.97 (3.95, 16.09) | 73.11 (64.59, 81.62) | 22.52 (9.36, 54.20) | 92.96 (88.53, 97.40) | 8.83 (5.01, 15.53) | 85.42 (79.19, 91.65) |
| Dyslipidemia | 7.92 (3.85, 16.28) | 77.47 (68.40, 86.54) | 6.64 (4.17, 10.58) | 73.83 (67.50, 80.17) | 3.94 (2.59, 5.98) | 65.04 (55.61, 74.47) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 5.05 (1.77, 14.40) | 20.68 (15.09, 26.27) | 3.45 (2.33, 5.10) | 29.89 (24.22, 35.55) | 3.75 (2.60, 5.41) | 35.26 (29.68, 40.84) |
| Cigarette smoking | 1.70 (0.29, 9.98) | 1.94 (−2.34, 6.21) | 3.30 (0.68, 15.99) | 1.66 (0.57, 2.74) | 1.23 (0.38, 3.97) | 0.34 (−1.50, 2.19) |
| Stress | 1.75 (0.82, 3.73) | 12.22 (−0.03, 24.47) | 2.03 (1.22, 3.36) | 12.38 (5.63, 19.13) | 1.06 (0.65, 1.71) | 0.85 (−6.48, 8.18) |
| Cardiac disease | 12.77 (2.97, 54.99) | 11.52 (9.00, 14.05) | 1.08 (0.55, 2.13) | 0.76 (−5.78, 7.30) | 2.91 (1.65, 5.15) | 10.71 (6.81, 14.61) |
| Alcohol | 0.62 (0.27, 1.43) | −16.83 (−50.40, 16.74) | 0.98 (0.64, 1.51) | −0.54 (−14.73, 13.65) | 0.99 (0.66, 1.48) | −0.31 (−14.46, 13.84) |
| Meat consumption | 1.69 (0.84, 3.41) | 31.91 (−4.15, 67.96) | 1.86 (1.24, 2.77) | 32.82 (17.64, 48.01) | 2.23 (1.55, 3.20) | 38.38 (26.69, 50.08) |
| Low Vegetable consumption | 1.69 (0.79, 3.63) | 10.21 (−3.46, 23.88) | 2.47 (1.59, 3.83) | 15.36 (10.17, 20.54) | 2.17 (1.46, 3.22) | 16.24 (10.57, 21.91) |
| Depression | 1.22 (0.35, 4.30) | 1.82 (−9.96, 13.59) | 0.85 (0.43, 1.71) | −1.64 (−8.83, 5.56) | 0.94 (0.47, 1.89) | −0.46 (−5.84, 4.92) |
| Physical inactivity | 9.03 (0.31, 262.02) | 0.69 (0.12, 1.27) | 3.75 (1.08, 12.99) | 2.62 (1.07, 4.16) | 0.90 (0.47, 1.72) | −0.76 (−6.25, 4.72) |
| Salt intake | 0.73 (0.26, 2.09) | −2.69 (−12.14, 6.75) | 1.76 (0.80, 3.90) | 3.01 (−0.02, 6.05) | 1.11 (0.56, 2.20) | 0.55 (−3.12, 4.21) |
| Composite PAR | 83.50 (68.49, 98.51) | 94.38 (90.01, 98.76) | 93.79 (89.82, 97.76) | |||
| Intracerebral hemorrhage | ||||||
| Educational attainment | 0.99 (0.30, 3.33) | −0.60 (−106.21, 105.02) | 0.67 (0.31, 1.44) | −44.58 (−139.86, 50.70) | 1.25 (0.55, 2.86) | 14.93 (−42.76, 72.61) |
| Hypertensiona | 50.39 (15.97, 158.97) | 88.79 (85.59, 91.99) | 23.26 (9.25, 58.46) | 92.52 (87.98, 97.06) | 5.95 (2.08, 16.99) | 75.37 (58.40, 92.33) |
| Dyslipidemia | 2.82 (1.30, 6.13) | 50.39 (28.50, 72.27) | 2.78 (1.58, 4.88) | 51.26 (35.34, 66.67) | 2.22 (0.91, 5.41) | 45.49 (13.60, 77.37) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2.46 (0.90, 6.71) | 13.73 (3.49, 23.97) | 2.25 (1.30, 3.91) | 16.25 (8.28, 24.23) | 1.72 (0.82, 3.61) | 12.19 (−0.97, 25.35) |
| Cigarette smoking | 104.61 (5.71, 1915.12) | 7.77 (6.10, 9.44) | 1.04 (0.27, 3.91) | 0.13 (−3.99, 4.25) | 5.17 (0.48, 56.08) | 3.45 (0.14, 6.75) |
| Stress | 0.79 (0.32, 1.95) | −5.32 (−26.64, 16.00) | 2.95 (1.54, 5.65) | 16.26 (10.42, 22.10) | 0.93 (0.37, 2.36) | −0.93 (−12.54, 10.69) |
| Cardiac disease | 0.79 (0.17, 3.73) | −1.58 (−12.41, 9.25) | 1.79 (0.65, 4.91) | 2.78 (−1.29, 6.86) | 1.25 (0.33, 4.75) | 1.69 (−6.20, 9.57) |
| Alcohol | 3.39 (1.42, 8.08) | 30.13 (17.18, 43.09) | 1.27 (0.76, 2.11) | 9.51 (−8.33, 27.35) | 1.77 (0.73, 4.27) | 14.09 (−2.64, 30.81) |
| Meat consumption | 2.57 (1.18, 5.61) | 49.10 (26.05, 72.15) | 1.75 (1.06, 2.91) | 30.28 (7.89, 52.67) | 2.09 (1.02, 4.31) | 38.84 (12.73, 64.95) |
| Low Vegetable consumption | 1.96 (0.80, 4.80) | 15.91 (2.11, 29.70) | 2.81 (1.50, 5.25) | 19.24 (10.79, 27.69) | 2.94 (1.26, 6.85) | 23.11 (11.75, 34.46) |
| Depression | 2.22 (0.45, 11.12) | 4.53 (−2.70, 11.76) | 0.80 (0.35, 1.83) | −2.43 (−12.63, 7.77) | 1.13 (0.16, 8.08) | 0.39 (−5.52, 6.30) |
| Physical inactivity | 1.10 (0.23, 5.31) | 0.40 (−5.71, 6.51) | 0.72 (0.12, 4.24) | −1.29 (−8.64, 6.05) | 0.70 (0.08, 5.82) | −0.75 (−6.20, 4.70) |
| Salt intake | 3.72 (1.10, 12.58) | 7.46 (3.52, 11.40) | 2.58 (1.10, 6.03) | 6.72 (3.14, 10.29) | 1.71 (0.31, 9.39) | 3.20 (−1.74, 8.14) |
| Composite PAR | 86.07 (73.32, 98.82) | 90.06 (80.95, 99.17) | 78.53 (59.62, 97.44) | |||
a
Hypertension was defined as previous diagnosis by a healthcare professional or use of hypertension medication or systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or a combination of these.