Figure 7.

In vivo anti-arthritic effect of the dual-drug nanoparticles loaded hydrogel in FCA-induced RA rats. (A). Timeline for the dual-drug nanoparticles loaded hydrogel treatment in RA model rat (FCA-induced) with different treatment groups. (B). Changes in paw volume over time in the different treatment groups. (C). Changes in paw thickness over time in the different treatment groups (D). Arthritis scores for RA in rats on following treatment with different formulations. According to the standard scoring method, the average arthritis score was assessed by blind testing (scale of 0–4). (E). Changes in body weight in the FCA-immunized rats were measured from day 0-32  following treatment. (F). The index of (i) spleen and (ii) thymus on day 33 in different treatment groups of FCA-immunized rats. The index of the thymus and spleen were expressed as the ratio (mg/g) of thymus and spleen wet weight versus body weight, respectively. The data are represented as mean ± SD (n = 4). The values were statistically examined using one-way ANOVA test. Statistical significance: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ns- non-significant.

FCA: Freund’s adjuvant, Complete.