Table II. —Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients during and before COVID-19 outbreak.
| Under COVID-19 outbreak (Group A) (N.=28) | Before COVID-19 outbreak (Group B) (N.=27) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 83.0 (75.8-90.8) | 79.0 (71.0-87.0) | 0.363 |
| Gender (male/female) | 9/19 | 15/12 | 0.080 |
| Days before the initiation of rehabilitation program | 2.0 (2.0-3.0) | 2.0 (2.0-3.0) | 0.696 |
| Hypertension | 13 (46.4%) | 16 (59.3%) | 0.341 |
| Old myocardial infarction | 3 (10.7%) | 1 (3.7%) | 0.317 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 (39.3%) | 7 (25.9%) | 0.291 |
| Stroke | 5 (17.9%) | 1 (3.7%) | 0.092 |
| Cancer | 3 (10.7%) | 6 (22.2%) | 0.249 |
| Dyslipidemia | 11 (39.3%) | 7 (25.9%) | 0.291 |
| Length of hospitalization (days) | 15.0 (12.0-26.3) | 20.0 (16.0-31.0) | 0.076 |
| Rehabilitation duration per week (minutes) | 461.8 (414.8-547.6) | 442.1 (285.5-503.0) | 0.083 |
| Place (ward/rehabilitation center) | 564/73 (88.5/11.5) | 319/335 (48.8/51.2) | <0.001 |
| MMSE | 25.0 (23.0-28.0) | 26.0 (23.0-29.0) | 0.385 |
| SBP at admission (mmHg) | 142.0 (117.0-175.0) | 127.0 (115.0-157.0) | 0.235 |
| GNRI | 98.7 (80.3-101.2) | 94.2 (78.9-107.5) | 0.643 |
| Serum hemoglobin (g/dL) | 11.4 (9.9-13.3) | 11.8 (10.4-14.8) | 0.474 |
| Serum albumin (g/dL) | 3.6 (3.3-3.9) | 3.6 (3.0-4.1) | 0.972 |
| Serum sodium (mEq/L) | 139.5 (135.0-142.5) | 139.0 (136.0-142.0) | 0.447 |
| eGFR | 49.8 (38.3-60.5) | 43.6 (30.7-66.4) | 0.414 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 3388.0 (1032.5-8349.0) | 4386.0 (1577.3-9336.3) | 0.598 |
| LVEF (%) | 57.6 (48.7-63.4) | 54.0 (36.4-63.0) | 0.360 |
| Grip strength (kg) | 15.2 (11.0-19.5) | 17.5 (11.9-28.5) | 0.195 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 79.6 (70.0-87.2) | 79.4 (72.3-91.5) | 0.539 |
| KEMS (N/kg) | 3.2 (2.2-4.4) | 3.5 (2.9-4.0) | 0.309 |
| 6MWD (m) | 210.0 (122.5-285.0) | 290.0 (193.0-382.0) | 0.031 |
| Walking speed (m/s) | 0.7 (0.5 – 0.9) | 0.9 (0.7 – 1.1) | 0.014 |
| FRT(cm) | 25.0 (20.0-31.9) | 29.0 (19.8-32.5) | 0.388 |
| FIM Score at admission total | 107.0 (73.3-115.5) | 96.0 (60.0-114.0) | 0.572 |
| Motor | 72.0 (43.8-80.5) | 61.0 (32.0-79.0) | 0.704 |
| Cognitive | 35.0 (26.0-35.0) | 35.0 (30.0-35.0) | 0.458 |
| FIM Score at discharge total | 114.0 (85.3-125.8) | 120.0 (104.0-126.0) | 0.329 |
| Motor | 80.5 (61.8-90.8) | 85.0 (74.0-91.0) | 0.320 |
| Cognitive | 35.0 (29.0-35.0) | 35.0 (35.0-35.0) | 0.233 |
| FIM gain total | 4.0 (0-17.0) | 16.0 (0-32.0) | 0.078 |
| Motor | 4.0 (0-17.0) | 16.0 (0-32.0) | 0.107 |
| Cognitive | 0 (0-0) | 0 (0-0) | 0.663 |
Data are presented as median (interquartile range), N., or N. (%). COVID-19: Coronavirus disease 2019; MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; SBP: systolic blood pressure; GNRI: geriatric nutritional risk index; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; KEMS: knee extensor muscle strength; 6MWD: 6-minute walking distance; FRT: functional reach test; FIM: functional independence measure.