Table 2.

Human T cell linear epitopes deposited in the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB) and validated by T cell assays, and corresponding TCRs identified. Filters applied: linear structure for epitope structure; Homo sapiens for both organism and host; type 1 diabetes mellitus for disease; include positive T cell assay; exclude B cell assays and MHC assays; further filtered on MHC class I, class II or specific HLA protein complex as indicated in the table). A more limited number of epitopes (third column) were from assays in which the TCR sequence of responding T cells was characterized (at least one chain in fourth column; or both alpha and beta chains in fifth column). One epitope can be recognized by multiple T cell clones (TCR alpha/beta pairs). Searches including both T cell and MHC assays (eluted peptides) yielded 8,234 epitopes for HLA class I and 3,146 epitopes for HLA class II. Data are accurate as of 11/02/2022.

MHC	Total epitopes	Epitopes recognized by TCRs	Number of TCRs identified	Number of paired TCRs (unique clones)	Main antigens
HLA class I	182	24	135	79
HLA-A	125	17	122	66
HLA-A *02:01	110	14	120	64	ZnT8 (31), insulin (26), GAD65 (9), IA-2 (8), IGRP (6)
HLA-A *03:01	11	0	0	0
HLA-B	13	6	6	6	Insulin (6), GAD65 (6)
HLA-C	4	3	7	7	Insulin (4)
HLA class II	401	34	182	47
HLA-DP	3	1	1	1	IA-2 (2), insulin (1)
HLA-DQ	66	24	35	35
HLA-DQB1 × 02:01	6	6	6	6	Insulin (6)
HLA-DQB1 × 03:02	53	20	29	29	Insulin (33), IA-2 (8), GAD65 (4), IAPP (2), HIPs (2)
HLA-DR	119	12	148	13
HLA-DRB1 × 01:01	5	1	1	1	GAD65 (4), insulin (1)
HLA-DRB1 × 03:01	3	0	0	0	IGRP (2), insulin (1)
HLA-DRB1 × 04:01	75	4	140	6	GAD65 (29), insulin (11), IA-2 (11), HIPs (6), hexokinase-4 (5), IGRP (4)
HLA-DRB1 × 04:02-05	7	2	2	2	Insulin (4), GAD65 (3)