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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Mar 2.
Published in final edited form as: J Affect Disord. 2018 Jul 6;239:253–257. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.05.083

Table 1.

Sociodemographic and clinical features of individuals who did or did not receive psychotherapy during pregnancy.

Received psychotherapy (n = 536) No psychotherapy (n = 4877)

Obstetric outcomes n % n % χ2 P

Preterm Delivery 56 10.45 341 6.99 8.17 0.004
Low Apgar Score 15 2.80 128 2.62 0.01 0.923
High Maternal Weight Gain 74 13.81 863 17.70 4.82 0.028
Low Infant Birth Weight 60 11.19 370 7.59 7.94 0.005

Maternal demographics Mean SD Mean SD t-statistic P

Maternal Age (years) 27.90 7.35 30.07 6.59 6.56 < 0.001
Psychiatry Visit Two Years Prior (visits) 2.71 5.83 0.420 2.10 9.05 < 0.001
Psychotherapy Visit Two Years Prior (visits) 11.11 16.24 0.408 2.362 15.25 < 0.001

n % n % χ2 P

Antidepressant Exposure 154 28.73 663 13.59 85.17 < 0.001
History of Generalized Anxiety Disorder 93 17.35 185 3.79 179.42 < 0.001
Government Insurance 226 42.16 1400 28.71 40.94 < 0.001
History of Substance Abuse 139 25.93 720 14.76 44.30 < 0.001
Tobacco Use 85 15.86 509 10.44 13.98 < 0.001
Hypertension 23 4.29 262 5.37 0.93 0.336
Diabetes 11 2.05 89 1.82 0.04 0.839
Current MDD 258 48.13 690 14.15 383.78 < 0.001