Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Mar 2;14:1187. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36630-w

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 3 — Metabolite profiling performed on in vitro cell lines (a) Colorimetric assay of reduced glutathione levels for (left to right) MG1 (p < 0.001), MG2 (p < 0.001), MG3 (p = 0.01), TS543 (p < 0.001), and KNS42 (p < 0.001) in control (black bars) and CMD treated cells after 24 h (gray bars), with 3 independent samples per group per cell line. Data is presented as mean ± SD. b Normalized metabolite concentrations for key metabolites validated with the standards downregulated in CMD versus control at 24 h, or (c) upregulated in CMD versus control at 24 h. d Normalized metabolite concentrations for key metabolites with internal standards downregulated in CMD versus control at 48 h, or (e) upregulated in CMD versus control at 48 h. b–e Log normalized values are shown, data for each condition is from 4 biological replicates. Statistics are assessed using two tail t-tests. Values are presented as mean ± SD. f–h Seahorse Mitochondrial stress test of MG3 cells in either control (black) or 12 h CMD (gray) OM: oligomycin, FCCP: Carbonyl cyanide-4 (trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone, R/A: rotenone and antimycin A (n = 5). f The basal respiration, maximal respiration, ATP-linked respiration and proton leak values calculated from experiment in g were calculated and normalized (n = 5 per group). Data is presented as mean ± SD. h Extracellular acidification rate for control (black) or 12 h CMD (gray). Significance denoted by: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.