Table 3.

Relative risk for composite outcome of CVD and all-cause death according to the CKD causes.

Cause of CKD	Cox regression analysis		Cause-specific regression analysis*
	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value
Glomerulonephritis	Reference		Reference
Hypertensive nephropathy	0.97 (0.59–1.59)	0.901	1.24 (0.71–2.15)	0.447
Diabetic nephropathy	1.67 (1.09–2.56)	0.019	2.07 (1.23–3.46)	0.006
Polycystic kidney disease	3.11 (1.59–6.05)	< 0.001	2.84 (1.36–5.93)	0.006

Cause of CKD	Cox regression analysis		Cause-specific regression analysis*
	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value
Hypertensive nephropathy	Reference		Reference
Diabetic nephropathy	1.82 (1.19–2.79)	0.006	1.73 (1.08–2.78)	0.022
Polycystic kidney disease	1.94 (1.03–3.65)	0.041	1.41 (0.70–2.85)	0.334

	Cox regression analysis		Cause-specific regression analysis*
	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value
Diabetic nephropathy	Reference		Reference
Polycystic kidney disease	1.84 (0.93–3.63)	0.079	1.74 (0.79, 3.84)	0.169

*For the composite outcome of CVD and death, cause-specific regression analysis was conducted as a competing risk analysis using the kidney failure as competing event considering the undetected CVD after starting kidney replacement therapy.

CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HR; hazard ratio.