Table 1.
Demographics, medical history and exposure history of mpox positive and negative patients.
| Mpox positive (N = 155) | Mpox negative (N = 51) | Univariable OR (95% CI) | Multivariable OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender – n (%) | Not calculated | Not calculated | ||
| Cis-man | 155(100) | 49 (96.1) | – | – |
| Cis-woman | 0 (0) | 1 (2.0) | – | – |
| Trans-woman | 0 (0) | 1 (2.0) | – | – |
| Age in years - median (IQR) | 39.0 (33.0–46.0) | 37.0 (31.0–44.0) | 1.02 (0.98–1.05) | 1.00 (0.95–1.06) |
| Self-identified sexual orientation – n (%) | ||||
| Homosexual | 144(92.9) | 43 (84.3) | Reference | Reference |
| Bisexual | 4(2.6) | 4 (7.8) | 0.30 (0.07–1.31) | 0.14 (0.02–1.09) |
| Heterosexual | 7(4.5) | 4 (7.8) | 0.52 (0.15–2.07) | 0.26 (0.05–1.41) |
| HIV status – n/N (%) | ||||
| Negative | 93 (60.0) | 33 (64.7) | Reference | Reference |
| Negative, not using PrEP | 22/93 (23.7) | 9/33 (27.3) | – | – |
| Negative, using PrEP | 63/93 (67.7) | 21/33 (63.3) | – | – |
| Negative, use of PrEP unknown | 8/93 (8.6) | 3/33 (9.0) | – | – |
| Positive | 53 (34.2) | 13 (25.5) | 1.46 (0.72–3.10) | 1.26 (0.50–3.40) |
| Unknown | 10 (6.5) | 5 (9.8) | Not calculated | Not calculated |
| History of smallpox vaccination – n/N (%) | ||||
| Unvaccinated | 102 (65.8) | 32 (62.7) | Reference | Reference |
| Childhood vaccination (self-reported or scar) | 25 (16.1) | 8 (15.7) | 0.98 (0.42–2.51) | 0.75 (0.18–3.57) |
| Post-exposure vaccination | 2 (1.3) | 3 (5.9) | 0.21 (0.03–1.31) | 0.19 (0.02–1.32) |
| Pre-exposure vaccination | 1 (0.6) | 1 (2.0) | 0.31 (0.01–8.08) | 0.13 (0.00–3.75) |
| Unknown | 25 (16.1) | 7 (13.7) | Not calculated | Not calculated |
| Contact with a suspected or confirmed mpox case during the 3 weeks prior to symptom onset – n/N (%) | ||||
| No reported contact | 118 (76.1) | 27 (52.9) | Reference | Reference |
| Reported sexual contact | 30 (19.4) | 15 (29.4) | 0.46 (0.22–0.98) | 0.35 (0.13–0.90) |
| Reported othera contact | 7 (4.5) | 9 (17.6) | 0.18 (0.06–0.52) | 0.46 (0.11–2.07) |
| Sexual behaviour in the 3 weeks prior to symptom onset | ||||
| Not sexually active – (%) | 10 (6.5) | 9 (17.6) | Reference | Reference |
| Sexually active – n (%) | 145 (93.5) | 42 (82.4) | 3.11 (1.16–8.21) | 3.17 (0.75–12.83) |
| Number of sexual partners - median (IQR) | 2 (1.0–5.0)b | 2.0 (1.0–3.0)c | 1.03 (0.98–1.12) | 1.01 (0.96–1.09) |
| Type of sexual practice – n/N (%) | Not calculated | Not calculated | ||
| Anal-insertive | 92/145 (63.4) | 25/42 (59.5) | – | – |
| Anal-receptive | 95/145 (65.5) | 22/42 (52.4) | – | – |
| Oral | 69/145 (47.6) | 24/42 (57.1) | – | – |
| Vaginal | 8/145 (5.5) | 3/42 (7.1) | – | – |
| Unknown | 7/145 (4.8) | 0 (0) | – | – |
| International travel 3 weeks prior to symptom onset – n/N (%) | ||||
| No | 87 (56.1) | 32 (62.7) | Reference | Reference |
| Yes | 63 (40.6) | 19 (37.3) | 1.22 (0.64–2.37) | 0.88 (0.38–2.07) |
| Unknown | 5 (3.2) | 0 (0) | Not calculated | Not calculated |
| Most common travel destinations | Not calculated | Not calculated | ||
| Spain | 26/63 (41.3) | 6/19 (31.6) | – | – |
| The Netherlands | 9/63 (14.3) | 2/19 (10.5) | – | – |
| Germany | 6/63 (9.5) | 1/19 (5.3) | – | – |
| France | 5/63 (7.9) | 3/19 (15.8) | – | – |
Abbreviations: PrEP, preexposure prophylaxis.
a
Household contact, skin-to-skin, non-touch <1.5 m.
b
Data were missing for 7 patients.
c
Data were missing for 4 patients.