Table 2. Prevalence of Ischaemic Stroke and Hemorrhagic Stroke per 100 Chinese Adults Aged 40 Years or Older in 2020a.
| Characteristics | IS | ICH and SAH combined | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients No./total No. | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | P value | Patients No./total No. | Prevalence, % (95% CI) | P value | |
| Overall | 20 276/676 394 | 2.3 (2.2 to 2.3) | 3072/676 394 | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) | ||
| Age group, y | ||||||
| 40-49 | 525/143 463 | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.4) | <.001 | 186/143 463 | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | <.001 |
| 50-59 | 3439/206 514 | 1.8 (1.8 to 1.9) | 768/206 514 | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) | ||
| 60-69 | 8035/189 757 | 4.3 (4.2 to 4.3) | 1145/189 757 | 0.6 (0.6 to 0.7) | ||
| 70-79 | 6677/107 571 | 6.5 (6.4 to 6.7) | 766/107 571 | 0.7 (0.7 to 0.8) | ||
| ≥80 | 1600/29 089 | 5.4 (5.2 to 5.7) | 207/29 089 | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.8) | ||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 9862/281 272 | 2.5 (2.5 to 2.6) | <.001 | 1639/281 272 | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.5) | <.001 |
| Female | 10 414/395 122 | 2.0 (2.0 to 2.1) | 1433/395 122 | 0.3 (0.3 to 0.3) | ||
| Locality | ||||||
| Urban | 11 115/350 824 | 2.3 (2.3 to 2.4) | <.001 | 1582/350 824 | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.4) | .08 |
| Rural | 9161/325 570 | 2.2 (2.2 to 2.3) | 1490/325 570 | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) | ||
| Geographical regionsb | ||||||
| North | 3362/101 096 | 2.8 (2.7 to 2.9) | <.001 | 436/101 096 | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) | <.001 |
| Northeast | 2693/57 672 | 3.5 (3.3 to 3.6) | 348/57 672 | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.5) | ||
| East | 5751/203 041 | 2.1 (2.0 to 2.1) | 806/203 041 | 0.3 (0.3 to 0.4) | ||
| Central | 4171/127 778 | 2.5 (2.4 to 2.5) | 615/127 778 | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.4) | ||
| South | 1026/51 602 | 1.5 (1.4 to 1.6) | 232/51 602 | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.4) | ||
| Southwest | 1715/85 713 | 1.6 (1.6 to 1.7) | 353/85 713 | 0.3 (0.3 to 0.4) | ||
| Northwest | 1558/49 492 | 2.2 (2 to 2.3) | 282/49 492 | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.6) | ||
| Economic levelc | ||||||
| Undeveloped | 2031/73 608 | 2.0 (1.9 to 2.1) | <.001 | 224/73 608 | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.3) | <.001 |
| Intermediately | 3992/129 157 | 2.3 (2.2 to 2.4) | 555/129 157 | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.4) | ||
| Developed | 14 253/473 629 | 2.3 (2.3 to 2.4) | 2293/473 629 | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) | ||
| Education status | ||||||
| High school or less | 19 203/618 976 | 2.4 (2.4 to 2.4) | <.001 | 2901/618 976 | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) | <.001 |
| College and undergraduate | 1062/56 032 | 1.1 (1.0 to 1.2) | 168/56 032 | 0.2 (0.2 to 0.3) | ||
| Postgraduate | 11/1376 | 0.4 (0.1 to 0.7) | 3/1376 | 0.1 (−0.1 to 0.3) | ||
| Annual income, ¥ | ||||||
| 0-10 000 | 10 157/270 260 | 3.1 (3.1 to 3.2) | <.001 | 1486/270 260 | 0.5 (0.5 to 0.5) | <.001 |
| >10 000 | 10 100/405 175 | 1.7 (1.7 to 1.7) | 1569/405 175 | 0.3 (0.3 to 0.3) | ||
| BMI | ||||||
| <18.5 | 370/13 848 | 2.3 (2.0 to 2.5) | <.001 | 46/13848 | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.4) | <.001 |
| 18.5-23.9 | 7339/306 626 | 1.8 (1.7 to 1.8) | 1189/306626 | 0.3 (0.3 to 0.3) | ||
| 24.0-27.9 | 8755/267 681 | 2.5 (2.5 to 2.6) | 1282/267681 | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) | ||
| ≥28.0 | 3812/88 239 | 3.3 (3.2 to 3.4) | 555/88239 | 0.5 (0.5 to 0.6) | ||
| Family history of stroke | ||||||
| No | 15 433/608 369 | 1.9 (1.9 to 1.9) | <.001 | 2308/608 369 | 0.3 (0.3 to 0.3) | <.001 |
| Yes | 4843/68 025 | 5.8 (5.6 to 6.0) | 764/68 025 | 1.0 (0.9 to 1.1) | ||
| Smoking status | ||||||
| No | 16 952/587 305 | 2.2 (2.2 to 2.2) | <.001 | 2635/587 305 | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) | 0.083 |
| Yes | 3324/89 089 | 2.7 (2.6 to 2.8) | 437/89 089 | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) | ||
| Physical inactivity | ||||||
| No | 14 393/514 689 | 2.1 (2.1 to 2.2) | <.001 | 2090/514 689 | 0.3 (0.3 to 0.4) | <.001 |
| Yes | 5883/161 705 | 2.8 (2.7 to 2.8) | 982/161 705 | 0.5 (0.5 to 0.5) | ||
| Hypertension | ||||||
| No | 3923/373 718 | 0.7 (0.7 to 0.8) | <.001 | 517/373 718 | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | <.001 |
| Yes | 16 353/302 676 | 4.6 (4.6 to 4.7) | 2555/302 676 | 0.8 (0.8 to 0.8) | ||
| Diabetes | ||||||
| No | 13 066/533 063 | 1.8 (1.8 to 1.9) | <.001 | 2142/533 063 | 0.3 (0.3 to 0.3) | <.001 |
| Yes | 7210/143 331 | 4.1 (4.0 to 4.2) | 930/143 331 | 0.6 (0.5 to 0.6) | ||
| Dyslipidemia | ||||||
| No | 9598/424 087 | 1.7 (1.7 to 1.8) | <.001 | 1565/424 087 | 0.3 (0.3 to 0.3) | <.001 |
| Yes | 10 678/252 307 | 3.2 (3.2 to 3.3) | 1507/252 307 | 0.5 (0.5 to 0.5) | ||
| TIA | ||||||
| No | 20 019/670 722 | 2.3 (2.2 to 2.3) | <.001 | 3027/670 722 | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) | <.001 |
| Yes | 257/5672 | 3.8 (3.3 to 4.3) | 45/5672 | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.2) | ||
| Atrial fibrillation | ||||||
| No | 19 788/672 066 | 2.2 (2.2 to 2.3) | <.001 | 3006/672 066 | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) | <.001 |
| Yes | 488/4328 | 10.5 (9.5 to 11.4) | 66/4328 | 1.4 (1.0 to 1.7) | ||
| Hyperhomocysteinemia, HCY ≥2.0mg/l | ||||||
| No | 11 167/454 704 | 1.8 (1.8 to 1.9) | <.001 | 1608/454 704 | 0.3 (0.3 to 0.3) | <.001 |
| Yes | 9109/221 685 | 3.2 (3.1 to 3.3) | 1464/221 685 | 0.6 (0.5 to 0.6) | ||
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); HCY, Homocysteine; ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage; IS, ischemic stroke; SAH, Subarachnoid hemorrhage; TIA, Transient ischemic attack.
SI conversion factor: To convert homocysteine to μmol/L, multiply by 7.397.
The results indicate the age-standardized and sex-standardized rates to China census population 2010. Median age and 95% CI for participants was 59.0 (95% CI, 42.0-85.0).
Seven geographical regions of China included North China: Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia; Northeast China: Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang; East China: Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Shandong; South China: Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan; Central China: Henan, Hubei, Hunan; Southwest China: Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet; Northwest China: Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang.
The division of economic level of cities can be found in eAppendix 1 of Supplement 1.