Table 4.
Results of four separate Multiple Forward Stepwise Linear Regression Analysis (MFSLRA) with change in anxiety (F21), change in depressive affect (G21), change in suicidal thoughts (O11) and the development of distress or clinical depression as dependent variables
| Change in anxiety (F21)R2 = 0.161; F (25, 12,620) = 97.286 p < < 0.0001; SE of est: 0.809 | Change in depressive affect (G21) R2 = 0.116; F (25, 12,620) = 66.742 p < < 0.0001; SE of est: 0.827 | Development of distress or clinical depression R2 = 0.191; F(31,12,611) = 93.466 p < < 0.0001; SE of est: 0.640 | Change in suicidal thoughts (O11) R2 = 0.051; F (31,12,614) = 22.282 p < < 0.0001; SE of est: 0.770 | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | SE | t | p | b | SE | t | p | b | SE | t | p | b | SE | t | p | |
| Intercept | – 0.87 | 0.06 | – 14.49 | < 0.001 | – 0.75 | 0.06 | – 11.95 | < 0.001 | 0.59 | 0.04 | 14.31 | < 0.001 | 0.44 | 0.06 | 7.24 | < 0.001 |
| Demographics | ||||||||||||||||
| Sex (A1)- ‘non-binary gender’ was not included | 0.06 | 0.02 | 3.88 | < 0.001 | – 0.04 | 0.01 | – 3.02 | 0.003 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 3.98 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Age (A2) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.23 | 0.001 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.67 | < 0.001 | 0.00 | 0.00 | – 4.00 | < 0.001 | 0.00 | 0.00 | – 3.79 | < 0.001 |
| Number of persons in household (A5) | – 0.02 | 0.01 | – 2.99 | 0.003 | ||||||||||||
| Education level (A7) | – 0.02 | 0.01 | – 2.23 | 0.026 | – 0.02 | 0.01 | – 2.42 | 0.016 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 2.02 | 0.044 | ||||
| Work and finance | ||||||||||||||||
| Continue to work during lockdown (A11) | ||||||||||||||||
| Change in economic situation (E7) | 0.10 | 0.01 | 14.02 | < 0.001 | 0.11 | 0.01 | 15.11 | < 0.001 | – 0.02 | 0.01 | – 3.15 | 0.002 | – 0.02 | 0.01 | – 2.58 | 0.010 |
| Health | ||||||||||||||||
| Condition of general health (B1) | 0.10 | 0.01 | 13.90 | < 0.001 | 0.08 | 0.01 | 10.55 | < 0.001 | – 0.09 | 0.01 | – 15.30 | < 0.001 | – 0.02 | 0.01 | – 3.29 | 0.001 |
| Presence of a chronic medical condition (B2) | ||||||||||||||||
| Family/social | ||||||||||||||||
| Being a carer of a person belonging to a vulnerable group (B4) | – 0.04 | 0.02 | – 2.60 | 0.009 | – 0.04 | 0.01 | – 2.98 | 0.003 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 2.57 | 0.010 | ||||
| Conflicts within family (E3) | – 0.03 | 0.01 | – 4.53 | < 0.001 | – 0.04 | 0.01 | – 5.21 | < 0.001 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 7.37 | < 0.001 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 8.30 | < 0.001 |
| Change in quality of relationships within family (E4) | 0.12 | 0.01 | 12.27 | < 0.001 | 0.15 | 0.01 | 15.33 | < 0.001 | – 0.02 | 0.01 | -3.24 | 0.001 | – 0.06 | 0.01 | – 6.67 | < 0.001 |
| Keeping a basic routine during lockdown (E5) | 0.11 | 0.01 | 12.78 | < 0.001 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 11.46 | < 0.001 | – 0.10 | 0.01 | – 14.79 | < 0.001 | – 0.05 | 0.01 | – 5.81 | < 0.001 |
| Changes in religiousness/spirituality (P1) | 0.02 | 0.01 | 2.63 | 0.009 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 2.22 | 0.026 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 4.99 | < 0.001 | – 0.05 | 0.01 | – 6.22 | < 0.001 |
| Mental health history | ||||||||||||||||
| History of anxiety (B5) | – 0.14 | 0.03 | – 5.37 | < 0.001 | – 0.12 | 0.03 | – 4.39 | < 0.001 | 0.20 | 0.02 | 9.37 | < 0.001 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 2.03 | 0.042 |
| History of depression (B5) | – 0.10 | 0.02 | – 4.14 | < 0.001 | – 0.13 | 0.02 | – 5.45 | < 0.001 | 0.36 | 0.02 | 18.61 | < 0.001 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 2.95 | 0.003 |
| History of psychosis (B5) | 0.37 | 0.09 | 4.26 | < 0.001 | ||||||||||||
| History of bipolar disorder (B5) | 0.44 | 0.07 | 6.36 | < 0.001 | – 0.19 | 0.08 | – 2.28 | 0.023 | ||||||||
| History of other mental disorder (B5) | – 0.20 | 0.04 | – 4.50 | < 0.001 | 0.15 | 0.03 | 4.46 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
| History of self-harm (O12) | – 0.05 | 0.02 | – 2.66 | 0.008 | 0.17 | 0.02 | 9.63 | < 0.001 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 2.48 | 0.013 | ||||
| History of suicidal attempt (O13) | 0.14 | 0.02 | 5.65 | < 0.001 | 0.11 | 0.03 | 3.87 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
| The effect of the pandemic | ||||||||||||||||
| Fears of getting COVID-19 (C1) | – 0.10 | 0.01 | – 12.09 | < 0.001 | – 0.05 | 0.01 | – 6.41 | < 0.001 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 8.69 | < 0.001 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 2.08 | 0.037 |
| Fears that a member of the family will get COVID-19 and die (C3) | – 0.08 | 0.01 | – 11.22 | < 0.001 | – 0.04 | 0.01 | – 6.35 | < 0.001 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 9.92 | < 0.001 | – 0.01 | 0.01 | – 2.24 | 0.025 |
| Time spent outside of house during lockdown (D1) | 0.02 | 0.01 | 3.89 | < 0.001 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 3.21 | 0.001 | ||||||||
| Currently locked up in the house (D2) | – 0.03 | 0.01 | – 4.03 | < 0.001 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 3.05 | 0.002 | ||||||||
| Satisfaction by availability of information (D4) | 0.06 | 0.01 | 8.09 | < 0.001 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 7.88 | < 0.001 | – 0.06 | 0.01 | – 8.12 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Beliefs in conspiracy theories | ||||||||||||||||
| The vaccine was ready before the virus broke out and they conceal it (J1) | 0.04 | 0.01 | 5.15 | < 0.001 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 4.41 | < 0.001 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 4.38 | < 0.001 | – 0.02 | 0.01 | – 2.97 | 0.003 |
| COVID-19 was created in a laboratory as a biochemical weapon (J2) | – 0.03 | 0.01 | – 4.09 | < 0.001 | – 0.02 | 0.01 | – 2.91 | 0.004 | ||||||||
| COVID-19 is the result of 5G technology antenna (J3) | – 0.03 | 0.01 | – 3.19 | 0.001 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 6.71 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
| COVID-19 appeared accidentally from human contact with animals (J4) | 0.01 | 0.01 | 2.42 | 0.016 | – 0.02 | 0.01 | – 3.75 | < 0.001 | ||||||||
| COVID-19 has much lower mortality rate but there is terror-inducing propaganda (J5) | 0.01 | 0.01 | 2.03 | 0.042 | ||||||||||||
| COVID-19 is a creation of the world’s powerful leaders to create a global economic crisis (J6) | 0.02 | 0.01 | 2.43 | 0.015 | – 0.02 | 0.01 | – 2.15 | 0.031 | ||||||||
| COVID-19 is a sign of divine power to destroy our planet (J7) | 0.04 | 0.01 | 4.43 | < 0.001 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 6.12 | < 0.001 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 2.99 | 0.003 | ||||
| Occupation (A10) | ||||||||||||||||
| Doctor | – 0.04 | 0.01 | – 3.08 | 0.002 | ||||||||||||
| Nurse | 0.07 | 0.02 | 2.89 | 0.004 | – 0.05 | 0.02 | – 2.06 | 0.040 | ||||||||
| Other Hospital staff | 0.06 | 0.03 | 2.13 | 0.033 | ||||||||||||
| Other healthcare professional | ||||||||||||||||
| Administrative staff | ||||||||||||||||
The predictors are shown in the left column