Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to tertiles of the TyG index
| Variable | T1 (n = 467) | T2 (n = 466) | T3 (n = 481) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (years) | 58.94 ± 9.55 | 58.34 ± 9.80 | 56.86 ± 8.52 | 0.002 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 371 (79.44) | 365 (78.33) | 367 (76.30) | 0.495 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.80 (23.04, 26.73) | 26.12 (24.22, 28.37) | 26.08 (24.54, 28.01) | < 0.001 |
| Risk factors | ||||
| Cigarette smoking, n (%) | 281 (60.17) | 280 (60.09) | 297 (61.75) | 0.840 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 125 (26.77) | 169 (36.27) | 303 (62.99) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 272 (58.24) | 301 (64.59) | 333 (69.23) | 0.002 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 464 (99.36) | 465 (99.79) | 481 (100.00) | 0.167 |
| Previous MI, n (%) | 66 (14.13) | 69 (14.81) | 72 (14.97) | 0.929 |
| Previous stroke, n (%) | 46 (9.85) | 52 (11.16) | 63 (13.10) | 0.285 |
| Previous PCI, n (%) | 133 (28.48) | 132 (28.33) | 131 (27.23) | 0.897 |
| PAD, n (%) | 75 (16.06) | 62 (13.30) | 57 (11.85) | 0.161 |
| Family history of CAD, n (%) | 80 (17.13) | 72 (15.45) | 108 (22.45) | 0.015 |
| Clinical presentations | ||||
| Multi-vessel CAD, n (%) | 364 (77.94) | 380 (81.55) | 396 (82.33) | 0.1926 |
| LVEF (%) | 64 (61, 66) | 64 (60, 66) | 64 (60, 66) | 0.852 |
| Laboratory measurements | ||||
| TC (mmol/L) | 3.65 ± 0.84 | 4.06 ± 0.96 | 4.45 ± 1.14 | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.16 ± 0.70 | 2.50 ± 0.85 | 2.58 ± 0.92 | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.18 ± 0.30 | 1.10 ± 0.30 | 1.01 ± 0.28 | < 0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.98 ± 0.22 | 1.51 ± 0.32 | 2.74 ± 1.60 | < 0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.28 ± 0.88 | 5.94 ± 1.39 | 7.57 ± 2.83 | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.92 ± 0.78 | 6.24 ± 0.98 | 6.95 ± 1.47 | < 0.001 |
| Pcr (μmol/L) | 79.38 ± 14.46 | 81.71 ± 16.40 | 83.59 ± 21.41 | 0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min per 1.73 m2) | 112.44 (100.22, 127.78) | 110.84 (98.58, 124.76) | 108.33 (93.36, 125.47) | 0.005 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 194.31 ± 428.14 | 163.92 ± 296.40 | 140.80 ± 256.45 | 0.048 |
| hs-CRP (mg/L) | 3.58 ± 6.36 | 4.30 ± 6.57 | 4.27 ± 4.74 | 0.112 |
| Medications at discharge | ||||
| DAPT, n (%) | 464 (99.36) | 464 (99.57) | 476 (98.96) | 0.523 |
| Statins, n (%) | 454 (97.22) | 458 (98.28) | 474 (98.54) | 0.301 |
| Dual-lipid lowering therapy, n (%) | 15 (3.21) | 19 (4.08) | 28 (5.82) | 0.135 |
| ACEI/ARBs, n (%) | 199 (42.61) | 244 (52.36) | 264 (54.89) | < 0.001 |
| β-Blockers | 372 (79.66) | 393 (84.33) | 418 (86.90) | 0.009 |
| Insulin, n (%) | 36 (7.71) | 32 (6.87) | 87 (18.09) | < 0.001 |
| Oral hypoglycemic drugs, n (%) | 74 (15.85) | 100 (21.46) | 193 (40.12) | < 0.001 |
| Angiographic findings | ||||
| Restenotic lesions, n (%) | 20 (4.28) | 26 (5.58) | 27 (5.61) | 0.576 |
| Chronic total occlusions, n (%) | 53 (11.35) | 74 (15.88) | 64 (13.31) | 0.1272 |
| Lesions > 20 mm long, n (%) | 321 (68.74) | 335 (71.89) | 344 (71.52) | 0.511 |
| Number of stents | 2 (1, 2) | 2 (1, 2.75) | 2 (1, 2) | 0.076 |
| Length of stent (mm) | 30.00 (20.00, 45.50) | 33.00 (21.00, 51.00) | 30.00 (22.00, 46.00) | 0.231 |
ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARBs angiotensin receptor blockers, BMI body mass index, CAD coronary artery disease, DAPT dual antiplatelet therapy, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, FPG fasting plasma glucose, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin A1c, hs-CRP hypersensitive C-reactive protein, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, MI myocardial infarction, NT-proBNP N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, PAD peripheral arterial disease, Pcr plasma creatine, TC total cholesterol, TyG triglyceride-glucose