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. 2023 Feb 16;62(8):3503–3514. doi: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04132

Table 2. Individual Amino Acid Concentrations and Extraction Yields after SW Treatment at Lab Scale and Pilot Scale at 175 °C Working Temperaturea.

  lab-scale SWE—175 °C pilot-scale SWE—175 °C
mg/gprotein yield (%) mg/gprotein yield (%)
alanine 2.4 ± 0.04 2.6 ± 0.3 1.4 ± 0.01 1.4 ± 0.1
glycine 3.9 ± 0.1 9.6 ± 1.2 1.9 ± 0.15 4.7 ± 0.8
valine* 0.90 ± 0.05 1.3 ± 0.2 1.4 ± 0.03 2.1 ± 0.3
leucine* 0.67 ± 0.04 0.86 ± 0.15 0.50 ± 0.01 0.65 ± 0.07
isoleucine* 0.54 ± 0.03 1.2 ± 0.2 0.55 ± 0.00 1.2 ± 0.1
proline 0.62 ± 0.04 0.85 ± 0.11 0.49 ± 0.00 0.66 ± 0.04
phenylalanine* 0.47 ± 0.05 0.9 ± 0.2 0.39 ± 0.02 0.77 ± 0.12
threonine* 0.53 ± 0.07 1.5 ± 0.3 0.04 ± 0.01 0.11 ± 0.03
lysine* 0.11 ± 0.09 0.19 ± 0.18    
histidine*        
tyrosine 0.06 ± 0.01 0.17 ± 0.05 0.07 ± 0.01 0.19 ± 0.05
glutamic acid 0.30 ± 0.10 0.38 ± 0.16 0.41 ± 0.07 0.52 ± 0.12
aspartic acid 5.9 ± 0.1 6.1 ± 0.6 6.20 ± 0.09 6.4 ± 0.6
methionine*        
serine 1.3 ± 0.1 3.5 ± 0.9 0.90 ± 0.05 2.4 ± 0.5
tryptophan*        
essential amino acids (*) 3.2 ± 0.1 0.90 ± 0.14 2.9 ± 0.04 0.80 ± 0.10
total amino acids 17.8 ± 0.3 2.3 ± 0.1 14.2 ± 0.2 1.8 ± 0.1
a

n = 3 technical replicates.