(A) Expression of secreted factors is regulated across tissues by cancer cachexia.
(B) Comparison of the similarity in the cancer-induced transcriptional changes for secreted factors.
(C) Cachexia-induced secreted factors include cytokines, growth factors, growth factor-binding proteins, and enzymes, such as ACE.
(D) ACE expression progressively increases in the TA muscle during cancer-induced wasting. SD with **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001.
(E) Western blots indicate that cachexia increases ACE protein levels in TA muscles. SEM with *p < 0.05 and n = 4–5.
(F) ACE expression correlates with that of FBX O 32 (atrogin-1) and TRIM63 (MuRF1) in muscle biopsies from female cancer patients.