Table 4.
Associations between age-disparate relationship classifications and sexual health risk behaviors in rural Uganda and Kenya by sexa.
| Characteristic STI infection (N=860) |
Category | aOR (95% CI) | P-value | aOR (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (N=860) | Female (N=930) | ||||
| Age disparity of reported relationships | Age-disparate (≥5) | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Both (disparate and homogeneous) | 0.54 (0.28–1.02) | 0.057 | 3.82 (1.46–9.98) | 0.006 | |
| Age-homogeneous (0–4) | 0.36 (0.09–1.50) | 0.161 | 2.87 (1.18–6.98) | 0.020 | |
| Concurrent age-disparate relationships in past 6 months vs none | Yes | 1.46 (0.61–3.51) | 0.397 | 5.37 (1.91–15.08) | 0.001 |
| Concurrent age-homogeneous relationships in past 6 months vs none | Yes | 0.81 (0.23–2.82) | 0.736 | 4.64 (2.15–9.98) | <0.001 |
| Concurrent cross-generational relationships in past 6 months vs none | Yes | 1.79 (0.65–4.91) | 0.258 | 6.18 (1.54–24.83) | 0.010 |
| Mutually exclusive current age-disparity classifications | Nonconcurrent age-homogeneous | 1 | 1 | ||
| Concurrent age-homogeneous | - | - | 1.99 (0.23–17.40) | 0.533 | |
| Concurrent age-disparate | 1.43 (0.16–13.04) | 0.749 | 2.79 (0.64–12.27) | 0.174 | |
| Concurrent cross-generational | 3.31 (0.46–23.66) | 0.233 | 4.95 (1.35–18.19) | 0.016 | |
| Higher-risk relationship | |||||
| Male (N=1116) | Female (N=1063) | ||||
| Age disparity of reported relationships | Age-disparate (≥5) | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Both (disparate and homogeneous) | 1.57 (1.00–2.48) | 0.052 | 1.24 (0.75–2.03) | 0.406 | |
| Age-homogeneous (0–4) | 0.85 (0.51–1.40) | 0.529 | 1.39 (0.72–2.67) | 0.322 | |
| Concurrent age-disparate relationships in past 6 months vs none | Yes | 18.51 (10.68–32.07) | <0.001 | 13.19 (4.96–35.05) | <0.001 |
| Concurrent age-homogeneous relationships in past 6 months vs none | Yes | 7.64 (4.74–12.32) | <0.001 | 15.35 (7.17–32.85) | <0.001 |
| Concurrent cross-generational relationships in past 6 months vs none | Yes | 14.90 (10.16–21.84) | <0.001 | 15.10 (6.64–34.34) | <0.001 |
| Mutually exclusive concurrent age-disparity classifications | Nonconcurrent age-homogeneous | 1 | 1 | ||
| Concurrent age-homogeneous | 19.25 (3.12–118.74) | 0.001 | 64.95 (14.06–300.05) | <0.001 | |
| Concurrent age-disparate | 13.02 (5.06–33.46) | <0.001 | 8.42 (1.04–68.23) | 0.046 | |
| Concurrent cross-generational | 17.77 (7.00–45.19) | <0.001 | 16.55 (5.99–45.70) | <0.001 | |
| Any condom use in the last 6 months | |||||
| Male (N=1033) | Female (N=895) | ||||
| Age disparity of reported relationships | Age-disparate (≥5) | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Both (disparate and homogeneous) | 1.04 (0.67–1.62) | 0.854 | 1.27 (1.00–1.61) | 0.054 | |
| Age-homogeneous (0–4) | 0.69 (0.47–1.00) | 0.050 | 1.55 (1.03–2.33) | 0.035 | |
| Concurrent age-disparate relationships in past 6 months vs none | Yes | 4.02 (2.54–6.37) | <0.001 | 2.57 (0.87–7.55) | 0.086 |
| Concurrent age-homogeneous relationships in past 6 months vs None | Yes | 2.85 (1.89–4.31) | <0.001 | 2.99 (1.52–5.89) | 0.002 |
| Concurrent cross-generational relationships in past 6 months vs none | Yes | 3.67 (2.50–5.39) | <0.001 | 3.23 (1.16–9.04) | 0.025 |
| Mutually exclusive current age-disparity classifications | Nonconcurrent age-homogeneous | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Concurrent age-homogeneous | 2.37 (0.54–10.38) | 0.252 | 12.26 (1.90–79.07) | 0.008 | |
| Concurrent age-disparate | 4.69 (2.44–9.00) | <0.001 | 1.32 (0.18–9.58) | 0.785 | |
| Concurrent cross-generational | 4.21 (2.25–7.86) | <0.001 | 2.72 (0.95–7.84) | 0.063 |
aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; STI, sexually transmitted infection.
a
Individual models for the listed independent variable are adjusted for age, occupation, wealth index, HIV status, any mobility in the past 6 months, region, and community clustering.