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. 2023 Mar 3;14:1215. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36858-6

Fig. 1. Schematic overview of the strategy for discovery, confirmation, and replication of DILI candidate biomarkers.

Fig. 1

Biomarkers cytoplasmic aconitate hydratase (ACO1), fructosebisphosphate aldolase B (ALDOB), argininosuccinate synthase (ASS1), liver carboxylesterase 1 (CES1), carbamoylphosphate synthase (CPS1), fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1), fumarylacetoacetase (FAH), glutathione S-transferase A1 (GSTA1), 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPD), leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin-2 (LECT2), ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OTC) were identified using tandem mass tagging (TMT) mass spectrometry (MS) and subsequent ratio of light peptide/heavy isotopically labeled peptide or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum from healthy volunteers (HV), patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), DILI or non-DILI, either at onset (DO or NDO, respectively) or at follow-up (DF or NDF).