Table 3.
Association between antibiotic therapy and cancer by sex and age group (multivariable logistic regression models)
| Antibiotic therapy | OR (95% CI) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women (n = 113,532) | Men (n = 110,124) | Age ≤ 50 (n = 25,446) | Age 51–60 (n = 38,214) | Age 61–70 (n = 53,544) | Age 71–80 (n = 68,266) | Age > 80 (n = 38,186) | |
| Any antibiotic drug | |||||||
| ≤ 6000 mg | 1.03 (0.99–1.06) | 1.06 (1.02–1.09)* | 1.00 (0.94–1.07) | 1.01 (0.96–1.06) | 1.03 (0.98–1.08) | 1.05 (1.01–1.10) | 1.11 (1.05–1.18)* |
| > 6000 mg | 1.16 (1.13–1.19)* | 1.19 (1.16–1.22)* | 1.13 (1.07–1.20)* | 1.19 (1.13–1.25)* | 1.21 (1.17–1.26)* | 1.14 (1.10–1.18)* | 1.21 (1.16–1.28)* |
| Tetracyclines (J01A) | |||||||
| ≤ 2000 mg | 0.95 (090–1.01) | 1.02 (0.96–1.08) | 0.99 (0.89–1.11) | 0.97 (0.88–1.07) | 0.99 (0.91–1.08) | 1.00 (0.92–1.08) | 0.95 (0.85–1.06) |
| > 2000 mg | 0.90 (0.83–0.97)* | 0.94 (0.87–1.02) | 0.93 (0.79–1.10) | 0.86 (0.75–0.97) | 0.82 (0.73–0.92)* | 1.02 (0.92–1.13) | 0.99 (0.84–1.17) |
| Penicillins (J01C) | |||||||
| ≤ 20,000 mg | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) | 1.05 (1.01–1.10) | 1.06 (0.98–1.14) | 1.13 (1.05–1.20)* | 1.09 (1.03–1.16)* | 0.98 (0.93–1.03) | 1.02 (0.95–1.09) |
| > 20,000 mg | 1.05 (0.99–1.11) | 1.04 (0.98–1.11) | 1.04 (0.94–1.16) | 1.07 (0.97–1.18) | 1.17 1.07–1.28)* | 0.97 (0.89–1.06) | 1.00 (0.89–1.12) |
| Cephalosporins (J01D) | |||||||
| ≤ 6000 mg | 1.15 (1.10–1.20)* | 1.12 (1.07–1.17)* | 1.17 (1.07–1.28)* | 1.15 (1.07–1.25)* | 1.16 (1.08–1.24)* | 1.09 (1.02–1.16)* | 1.14 (1.06–1.22)* |
| > 6000 mg | 1.29 (1.23–1.36)* | 1.16 (1.10–1.23)* | 1.38 (1.24–1.52)* | 1.23 (1.13–1.34)* | 1.20 (1.11–1.30)* | 1.20 (1.11–1.29)* | 1.22 (1.11–1.33)* |
| Sulfonamides and trimethoprim (J01E) | |||||||
| ≤ 9600 mg | 1.03 (0.97–1.10) | 1.13 (1.00–1.28) | 0.93 (0.79–1.11) | 1.08 (0.92–1.26) | 1.05 (0.92–1.20) | 1.07 (0.96–1.18) | 1.07 (0.95–1.20) |
| > 9600 mg | 1.04 (0.95–1.15) | 1.18 (1.01–1.37)* | 1.16 (0.89–1.50) | 1.10 (0.90–1.35) | 0.99 (0.82–1.19) | 1.10 (0.96–1.27) | 1.06 (0.90–1.24) |
| Macrolides (J01F) | |||||||
| ≤ 3000 mg | 0.96 (0.92–1.00) | 0.94 (0.90–0.98) | 0.90 (0.84–0.98)* | 0.93 (0.87–1.00) | 0.95 (0.89–1.0) | 0.95 (0.90–1.01) | 1.02 (0.94–1.11) |
| > 3000 mg | 1.03 (0.99–1.08) | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) | 0.96 (0.89–1.05) | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) | 1.10 (1.03–1.18)* | 0.99 (0.93–1.05) | 1.12 (1.02–1.22) |
| Quinolones (J01M) | |||||||
| ≤ 5000 mg | 1.03 (0.99–1.07) | 1.16 (1.11–1.21)* | 0.97 (0.89–1.06) | 1.07 (1.00–1.15) | 1.06 (1.00–1.13) | 1.11 (1.05–1.16)* | 1.15 (1.08–1.23)* |
| > 5000 mg | 1.14 (1.09–1.20)* | 1.19 (1.13–1.26* | 1.12 (1.00–1.24) | 1.17 (1.07–1.27)* | 1.16 (1.08–1.24)* | 1.19 (1.12–1.27)* | 1.16 (1.07–1.25)* |
*p < 0.001
OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval