Table 2.
MNs for corneal regeneration.
| Materials | Structure | Bioactive substances | Mechanisms | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frozen glycerin | Arrays: 3 × 3 Height: 400–440 μm Shape: pyramidal Strength: 00.3–0.4 N/neelde |
Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus | Bacterial activity exceeded 80% after 14 d of storage. | [85] |
| Needle: outer MeHA shell and internal HA Base: HA |
Arrays: 3 × 3 Height: 500 μm Shape: pyramidal Strength: 0.4 N/neelde |
Anti-angiogenic monoclonal antibody (DC101), diclofenac | Rapid dissolution of the outer layer of the needle tip, releasing >80% of the drug within 5 min; Slow release of the inner hydrogel layer (over 3 d). |
[90] |
| Needle: silicon Base: PVA |
Arrays: Height: 60 μm Shape: Circular Strength: |
Bevacizumab | Painless and long-term sustained delivery of ocular drugs over the course of months. | [137] |
| PLGA, SU8 resin | Arrays: 1 needle Height: 150 μm Shape: Tapered Strength: 00.3–0.4 N/neelde |
Antibiotics | The drug-tip is separated from base and released drugs after the hydrolysis of PLGA occurred in cornea. | [143] |
| Poly(D,l-lactide), HA | Arrays: 20 × 20 Height: 390 μm Shape: pyramidal Strength: |
Fluconazole | Penetrating the corneal epithelial layer reversibly; Increasing the residence time of drug in the conjunctival sac | [144] |