Table 6.

Association of combination of nutritional and physical activity factors with sarcopenia and central obesity status: results from multinomial logistic regression analysis

	AOR (95% CI)a
	Central obesity	Sarcopenia	Sarcopenic obesity
Different energy and protein intake levels
Energy intake < EER, protein intake < EAR	1.000	1.000	1.000
Energy intake < EER, protein intake ≥ EAR	1.134 (0.833–1.543)	1.038 (0.777–1.385)	0.586 (0.314–1.093)
Energy intake ≥ EER, protein intake < EAR	0.563 (0.263–1.206)	0.932 (0.523–1.661)	0.880 (0.253–3.054)
Energy intake ≥ EER, protein intake ≥ EAR	0.961 (0.723–1.278)	0.601 (0.444–0.814)**	0.635 (0.373–1.080)
Different energy intake and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA levels
Energy intake < EER, insufficient or inactive PA levels	1.000	1.000	1.000
Energy intake < EER, recommended PA level	0.536 (0.391–0.736)***	0.744 (0.537–1.031)	0.262 (0.114–0.602)**
Energy intake ≥ EER, insufficient or inactive PA levels	0.774 (0.571–1.049)	0.634 (0.469–0.856)**	0.684 (0.398–1.176)
Energy intake ≥ EER, recommended PA level	0.678 (0.467–0.984)*	0.436 (0.290–0.655)***	0.316 (0.126–0.796)*

Abbreviation: AOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval, EER estimated energy requirement, EAR estimated average requirement, PA physical activity

All data analyses conducted in the present study were based on weighted estimates with sample weight provided by KNHANES

^a Adjusted for age, sex, marital status, educational level, household income, smoking, frequency of binge drinking, physical activity level, and diabetes

^* p < 0.05

^** p < 0.01 and

^*** p < 0.00