Table 1.
Characteristics of the study participants as stratified by the serum cystatin C index.
| Variables | Group | Cystatin C | Statistic values | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal (%) | Abnormal (%) | ||||
| Sex | Male (n=162) | 24 (14.8) | 138 (85.2) | 12.89** | <0.001* |
| Female (n=53) | 20 (37.7) | 33 (62.3) | |||
| Age (Years) | Youth (18~44) (n=165) | 40 (21.6) | 125 (78.4) | 1.089** | 0.297 |
| Middle-aged (45~59) (n=70) | 4 (13.3) | 26 (86.7) | |||
| BMI | Thin (<18.5) (n=26) | 7 (26.9) | 19 (73.1) | 2.863** | 0.239 |
| Normal (18.5~24) (n=129) | 29 (22.5) | 100 (77.5) | |||
| Overweight (≥24) (n=60) | 8 (13.3) | 52 (86.7) | |||
| Smoking | Never (n=157) | 32 (20.4) | 125 (79.6) | 2.116** | 0.351 |
| Past (n=47) | 8 (17.0) | 39 (83.0) | |||
| Current (n=11) | 4 (36.4) | 7 (63.6) | |||
| Physical activity | None (n=98) | 18 (18.4) | 80 (81.6) | 0.487** | 0.485 |
| Yes (n=117) | 26 (22.2) | 91 (77.8) | |||
| Source of transplanted kidney | Cadaver (n=34) | 10 (29.4) | 24 (70.6) | 1.986** | 0.159 |
| Relatives (n=181) | 34 (18.8) | 147 (81.2) | |||
| Time after kidney transplantation (Months) | n.a. | 44 (20.5) | 171 (79.5) | −0.215*** | 0.951 |
| Pre-transplant dialysis | Peritoneal dialysis (PD) (n=43) | 9 (20.9) | 34 (79.1) | 0.009** | 1.000 |
| Hemodialysis (HD) (n=152) | 31 (20.4) | 121 (79.6) | |||
| None (n=20) | 4 (20.0) | 16 (80.0) | |||
| Drugs | Tacrolimus treatment plan (n=155) | 42 (26.5) | 113 (73.5) | 12.229** | <0.001* |
| Cyclosporine treatment plan (n=60) | 2 (5.0) | 58 (95.0) | |||
*
P<0.05;
**
χ2 value;
***
t value;
n.a. – not applicable.