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. 2023 Mar 4;13:3654. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-30844-0

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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SOC drugs do not alter the senescent phenotype of senescence lung fibroblasts. Senescent fibroblasts isolated from the lungs of normal patients or IPF patients were plated simultaneously at time 0 and treated with vehicle (DMSO 0.05%) nintedanib (300 nM), pirfenidone (2.5 mM), or D + Q (20 μM/15 μM) for 24 h. Beta-galactosidase intensity (a), CDKN1A (b), CDKN2A (c), GDF15 (d), and WNT16 (e) transcripts were first normalized to the housekeeping gene 18S. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3–5 per group). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001 as indicated by the bars.