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. 2023 Mar 4;13:3654. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-30844-0

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effects of SOC drugs and D + Q on ACTA2, CCR10, EPHA3, COL3A1, and FN1 mRNA expression in normal and IPF senescent lung fibroblasts. Heatmap of the expression of SASP and fibrosis-related genes in lung fibroblasts from normal and IPF patients treated with nintedanib (300 nM), pirfenidone (2.5 mM), D + Q (20 μM/15 μM) for 24 h. ACTA2 (a), CCR10 (b), EPHA3 (c), COL3A1 (d) and FN1 (e) transcripts were first normalized to the housekeeping gene 18S Each transcript was first normalized to the housekeeping gene RNA 18S. Upregulation (orange) and downregulation (purple) of gene expression, compared with vehicle-treated cells (f). Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3 or 4 per group). p values were calculated using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.001; and ***p < 0.0001 as indicated by the bars.