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. 2023 Mar 3;32(5-6):131–139. doi: 10.1089/scd.2022.0226

FIG. 4.

FIG. 4.

AMPK activation increased PGC-1α mRNA expression in human MSCs of women with diabetes during pregnancy, concomitant with decreased level of PGC-1α promoter methylation. Diabetic WJ-MSCs were treated with metformin (Met, 2 mg/mL), AICAR (AIC, 2 mM), or vehicle controls for 1 day. (A) Total RNA was extracted and PGC-1α expression was measured by RT-PCR and normalized to β-actin mRNA. (B) DNA was extracted and PGC-1α promoter methylation was measured. (C) Protein extracts were subjected to western blot analysis and levels of P-(Ser79)-ACC, P-(Thr172)-AMPK, and β-actin. Were measured. Bar graphs were presented as mean ± SD, n = 4 in each group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Results of WJ-MSCs from one diabetic subject were shown. Similar results were obtained in WJ-MSCs from three individuals with diabetes during pregnancy.