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. 2023 Feb 20;5:1077362. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1077362

Table 2.

Median (interquartile range) values are presented for the dependent variables across indoor and outdoor.

Indoor TUGS Outdoor TUGS p-value, effect size Indoor TUGTEXT Outdoor TUGTEXT p-value, effect size
Gait Speed (m/sec) 2.1 (1.5–2.9) 2.2 (1.7–3.0) p = 0.2, ES = 0.3 1.7 (1.1–2.1) 1.6 (1.2–1.9) p = 0.2, ES = 0.2
Gait Speed DTC (%) −30.3 (−40.3–−12.7) −37.0 (−45.6–−12.4) p = 0.1, ES = 0.3
Step count (step) 11.0 (10–12.7) 11.0 (10.0–12.7) p = 0.1, ES = 0.3 14.0 (13.0–15.7) 14.0 (13.0–16.0) p = 0.74, ES = 0.1
Step count DTC (%) −24.7 (−36.4–−17.0) −29.3 (−39.1–−18.6) p = 0.2, ES = 0.3
Sit-to-stand Time (sec) 1.2 (1.0–1.4) 1.3 (0.9–1.4) p = 0.8, ES = 0.05 1.2 (1.1–1.4) 1.2 (1.2–1.4) p = 0.94, ES = 0.01
Sit-to-stand DTC (%) −2.7 (−19.2–13.7) 0.8 (−10.9–13.7) p = 0.2, ES = 0.3
Walk time (sec) 1.4 (1.0–1.9) 1.2 (0.9–1.6) p = 0.01, ES = 0.6 1.7 (1.3–2.6) 1.8 (1.5–2.5) p = 0.6, ES = 0.1
Walk Time DTC (%) −43.8 (−67.7–−14.7) −64.0 (−89.2–−44.0) p = 0.008, ES = 0.7
Turn Time (sec) 1.1 (0.9–1.4) 1.1 (0.9–1.5) p = 0.9, ES = 0.008 1.5 (1.2–1.9) 1.5 (1.3–1.8) p = 0.09, ES = 0.4
Turn Time DTC (%) −23.9 (−58.8–−7.8) −24.9 (−42.8–−2.3) p = 0.057, ES = 0.4
Stand-to-sit Time (sec) 0.8 (0.7–1.0) 0.8 (0.6–1.0) p = 0.4, ES = 0.2 0.8 (0.7–1.1) 0.8 (0.6–1.1) p = 0.4, ES = 0.2
Stand-to-sit Time DTC (%) −3.3 (−12.8–19.9) −10.2 (−21.5–17.4) p = 0.2, ES = 0.3
Number of Responses in Texting Task 6.0 (5.0–7.75) 7.0 (5.25–8.75) p = 0.2, ES = 0.3
Accuracy (%) 73.3 (51.8–83.0) 67.5 (44.6–87.1) p = 0.35, ES = 0.2

DTC, dual-tasking cost; TUGS, single-task TUG; TUGVF, TUG with verbal fluency task; TUGTEXT, TUG with texting task.