Table 3.

High jump performances realized in vertical jump by participants according to their age group (9–10 years old; 14–15 years old; and 20–22 years old) and their sex

		SJ	CMJ	CMJ with arms
9–10 years	Males	14.59 ± 5.19	16.61 ± 3.80	19.37 ± 5.82
	Females	13.47 ± 4.11	15.15 ± 2.78	16.36 ± 4.05
	Dif %	− 8.31	− 9.64	− 18.40*
	Effect size (Cohen’s d)	0.51(small)	0.80 (moderate)	1.35 (large)
	P Value	0.36	0.095	0.024*
14-15 years	Males	18.40 ± 3.53	20.78 ± 3.53	22.65 ± 6.09
	Females	16.15 ± 4.95	16.64 ± 2.88	17.83 ± 6.20
	Dif %	− 13.93*	− 24.88***	− 27.03***
	Effect size (Cohen’s d)	1.09 (moderate)	2.18 (large)	1.94 (large)
	P Value	0.04*	0.001***	0.004***
20-22 years (young adults)	Males	28.33 ± 6.23	29.87 ± 8.89	31.81 ± 8.35
	Females	18.07 ± 4.49	19.10 ± 4.70	20.05 ± 5.86
	Dif %	− 56.78***	− 56.39***	− 58.65***
	Effect size (Cohen’s d)	4.44 (extremely large)	4.12(extremely large)	5.16(extremely large)
	P Value	0.001***	0.001***	0.001***

Dif %: differences between male and female participants of the same age group expressed in female participant value percentage.SJ: squat jump height (in cm).CMJ: counter movement jump height (in cm).CMJ arm: Counter movement jump height with arms (in cm). * (P < 0. 05) and *** (P < 0.001): significant differences between both sexes for each age group