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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2022 Jul 30;129(6):709–718. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.07.027

Figure 1. Differentiation and therapeutic targeting of Th cells involved in asthma pathogenesis.

Figure 1.

(A) Overview of the differentiation of Th subsets, production of key effector cytokines, and their downstream effects. (B) Therapeutic targeting of T-cell responses, denoted numerically. Treatments approved for use in asthma are denoted in bold font, with faded downstream immune pathways; treatments that are no longer in development and/or that lacked efficacy in clinical trials for asthma are struck through; treatments requiring further investigation are depicted in normal font. Figure created using BioRender.com.

AHR, airway hyperreactivity; DC, dendritic cell; Eos., eosinophil; Neut., neutrophil, Th, T helper