. 2023 Feb;44(2):145–154. doi: 10.15537/smj.2023.44.2.20220407

Table 3.

- Postoperative visual analog scale scores during cough.

VAS scores	SA group (n=34)	LA group (n=35)	ULTAP group (n=35)	BLTAP group (n=35)	P-values^*
one hour	3 (2)	3 (2)	3 (2)	2 (1)	0.004
one hour	3.94±1.79	3.17±1.74	3.17±1.32	2.54±0.89	0.004
3 hours	3 (2)	2 (1)	2 (1)	2 (0)	0.49
3 hours	2.91±1.36	2.69±1.60	2.37±1.09	1.94±0.84	0.49
6 hours	2 (2)	3 (1)	2 (2)	2 (1)	0.68
6 hours	2.29±1.73	2.29±0.96	2.14±1.38	0.94±0.77	0.68
12 hours	2(1)	2(1)	1(1)	1(1)	0.88
12 hours	1.88±1.47	1.83±0.99	1.83±1.29	1.43±0.74	0.88
24 hours	1 (1)	1 (1)	1 (0)	1 (0)	0.83
24 hours	1.38±0.99	1.34±0.64	1.20±0.47	1.06±0.54	0.83
∆_{3hours→1hour}	-1 (2)	0 (1)	-1 (2)	-1 (1)	0.318
∆_{3hours→1hour}	-1.03±1.62	-1.03±1.60	-0.80±1.11	-0.60±0.74	0.318
_{∆6hours→1hour}	-1 (2)	-0 (1)	-1 (2)	-1 (1)	0.196
_{∆6hours→1hour}	-1.03±1.62	-0.49±1.60	-0.80±1.11	-0.60±0.74	0.196
∆_{12hours→1hour}	-2 (2)	-1 (2)	-2 (3)	-1 (1)	0.136
∆_{12hours→1hour}	-2.06±1.96	-1.34±2.14	-1.34±1.89	-1.11±1.32	0.136
∆_{24hours→1hour}	-2 (3)	-2 (3)	-2 (2)	-1 (1)	0.070
∆_{24hours→1hour}	-2.56±1.91	-1.83±1.89	-1.97±1.29	-1.49±0.92	0.070
Pairwise comparisons for VAS scores (one hour)
P _SA-LA	P _SA-ULTAP	P _SA-BLTAP	P _LA-ULTAP	P _LA-BLTAP	P _ULTAP-BLTAP
0.250	>0.999	0.002	>0.999	0.769	0.122

Values are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) and arithmetic mean±standard deviation (SD). The one-hour VAS score in the BLTAP group was lower than that in the SA group (p=0.002). In terms of the change in VAS scores from one-hour scores, there were no significant differences among groups.

^∆Difference score calculated according to the first-hour VAS score.

^{^*}

Kruskal-Wallis test.

VAS: visual analog scale,

SA: standard analgesia,

LA: local anesthesia,

BLTAP: bilateral laparoscopic-assisted transversus abdominis plane block,

ULTAP: unilateral laparoscopic-assisted transversus abdominis plane block