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. 2023 Jan 27;7(2):e0029. doi: 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000029

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Malassezia restricta exacerbates acute ethanol-induced liver injury in mice. Wild type mice were gavaged once with M. restricta or PBS followed by a dose of ethanol (300 µL, 30% vol/vol) or an isocaloric amount of dextrose (300 μL, 0.42 g/mL) 1 hour later, and harvested after 9 hours. A, Serum levels of ALT. B, Hepatic triglyceride content. C and D, Hepatic levels of Il1b and Cxcl1 mRNAs. E, Serum ethanol. F and G, Hepatic levels of Cyp2e1 and Adh1 mRNAs. Fold changes were calculated relative to the mRNA expression of vehicle treated mice given an isocaloric amount of dextrose. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM (A–G). p values among groups of mice fed with control diet or ethanol diet in the presence or absence of M. restricta are determined by 1-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test (A–D). p values between groups of mice gavaged with M. restricta or PBS are determined by unpaired Student t test (E–G). Number of mice per group is indicated in each column, 3 technical replicates. *p < 0.05. Abbreviations: Adh1, alcohol dehydrogenase 1; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; Cxcl1, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1; Cyp2e1, cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily E polypeptide 1; Il1b, interleukin 1 beta.